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Promoting optimal health during adolescence

Understand the major causes of morbidity in adolescents and learn how to support their health through proper nutrition, lifestyle, and nursing considerations.

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Promoting optimal health during adolescence

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  1. Promoting optimal health during adolescence By Dr: OmyyahNassar https://www.google.jo/search?biw=1366&bih=662&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=A109Wu21CsPRwQKD06Uw&q=adolescence+nutrition&oq=adolescence+nutr&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0j0i8i30k1l3j0i24k1l4.3726770.3729524.0.3731887.9.9.0.0.0.0.231.1297.0j8j1.9.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.9.1295...0i13k1j0i13i5i30k1j0i8i13i30k1j0i67k1j0i5i30k1.0.1Gj7tisZcQ8#imgrc=2xmMYQzlFBZOiM:

  2. Promoting optimal health during adolescence • The major causes of morbidity and mortality in adolescence are not diseases, but health damaging behavior (injury, depression, violence, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy) https://www.google.jo/search?q=adolescents+sport+accednts&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CU_1XGV7s0CoIIjgiCQ_1hPEiaB0Gp7-jyC990W4MeH7C41OTocdsWgQ3a9Zyp7nWcVTCsAQhpOQIL3_14q6uCzv6jHdyoSCSIJD-E8SJoHEVGpw7fLdamdKhIJQanv6PIL33QR4CB6eWPp6pIqEglbgx4fsLjU5BFpqWEvxyzV2yoSCehx2xaBDdr1EcmPdH828VLpKhIJnKnudZxVMKwRohzJ0PG8cUIqEgkBCGk5Agvf_1hFYTAoMHIOaCSoSCSrq4LO_1qMd3ERBukA3H5udl&tbo=u&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_34DRpZ_YAhWJEuwKHSZuAOUQ9C8IHg&biw=1366&bih=662&dpr=1#imgrc=Q1c_Zon95n8SsM:

  3. Promoting optimal health during adolescence • As adolescents grow, they are able to assume additional responsibility for their own health, including: • Maintaining health practices • Taking prescribed medications • Keeping appointments • Performing procedures when necessary • Health professionals who work with adolescents should consider the adolescent's increasing independence and responsibility while maintaining privacy and ensuring confidentiality

  4. Promoting optimal health during adolescence • Parents should also respect adolescents' independence and move toward the role of consultant about health issues while also maintaining some level of parental involvement throughout adolescence. https://www.google.jo/search?q=adolescents+healthy+lifestyle&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CRGfFufG0XuDIjhznm5CO-MF0gdUPAaLpi11BsYG82yIgT8XW5ddUI1kWJRjNGC1sCB7Bek5JYUdDmarVIJmySvqaSoSCXOebkI74wXSES38BnXXxEWTKhIJB1Q8BoumLXURwWxg7fA1r0EqEgkGxgbzbIiBPxGf6sdHC1t8WCoSCRdbl11QjWRYEbtzzbdyNcYGKhIJlGM0YLWwIHsRu_1_1BAV6tWXcqEgkF6TklhR0OZhHifEBGgdywPyoSCatUgmbJK-ppEWuCPB1-uLo8&tbo=u&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwihoMHvop_YAhXB_qQKHS79BgoQ9C8IHg&biw=1366&bih=662&dpr=1#imgrc=EZ8W58bRe4O7KM:

  5. Nutrition • Nutritional needs are closely related to the increase in body mass. • Adolescents usually have sufficient intake of protein to meet their needs. • Increase needs for minerals calcium, iron, and Zink.

  6. Nutrition Eating habits and behavior: • Adolescent's peers easily influence their eating habits. • Pressure for time and commitments to activities adversely affect the teenager's eating habits. • Overeating or undereating during adolescence presents special problems https://www.google.jo/search?q=adolescents+healthy+lifestyle&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CRGfFufG0XuDIjhznm5CO-MF0gdUPAaLpi11BsYG82yIgT8XW5ddUI1kWJRjNGC1sCB7Bek5JYUdDmarVIJmySvqaSoSCXOebkI74wXSES38BnXXxEWTKhIJB1Q8BoumLXURwWxg7fA1r0EqEgkGxgbzbIiBPxGf6sdHC1t8WCoSCRdbl11QjWRYEbtzzbdyNcYGKhIJlGM0YLWwIHsRu_1_1BAV6tWXcqEgkF6TklhR0OZhHifEBGgdywPyoSCatUgmbJK-ppEWuCPB1-uLo8&tbo=u&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwihoMHvop_YAhXB_qQKHS79BgoQ9C8IHg&biw=1366&bih=662&dpr=1#imgrc=EZ8W58bRe4O7KM:

  7. Nutrition • The obesity is not a result of metabolic disturbances, but of poor dietary habits and increasing sedentary lifestyles. • Childhood obesity often result in obesity in adulthood. • Adolescents are body conscious and concerned about their appearance. • They respond best when the counselor provides straight forward information, uses instructional methods that actively involve them.

  8. Nursing Considerations • Adolescents need to learn about: • The Food Guide Pyramid • The relationships among dietary fat, weight status, and health; and food sources of fat, salt, and fiber. • Their food habits must be considered when planning nutritional education and guidance because they reflect many influences and conditions

  9. Nursing Considerations • Nurses in the school setting can assist in advocating for comprehensive nutritional services for preschool through grade 12 students. • Comprehensive nutrition education with access to nutritious meals and snacks and physical activity at school will begin to reverse the trend of childhood obesity.

  10. Nursing Considerations • Adolescents do not respond well to judgmental attitudes • They dislike lectures They do respond when their independence is respected and they are given the opportunity to make their own decisions regarding food choices. • They respond best when the counselor: • Provides straightforward information • Uses instructional methods that actively involve them • Talks with them and not at them • Listens to what they have to say.

  11. Sleep and Rest • Adolescents vary in their need for sleep and rest. • During growth spurts the need for sleep is increased. • Adequate sleep and rest at this time are important to a total health regimen. https://www.google.jo/search?q=adolescent+rest+and+sleep&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CS_1aYeFURsH9IjivPWunQX07WEWHB-qCfcNmSkHOGEJgnuOeYKq6TeMLXno-I0J6WYGAqqfKfH0869ZFagTyt8NolyoSCa89a6dBfTtYEdBdl-R1DiR2KhIJRYcH6oJ9w2YRLlRmvaeI_1CgqEglKQc4YQmCe4xEg1Nrava2k3SoSCZ5gqrpN4wteESsnGtzv7fqhKhIJej4jQnpZgYARI06wf8lCswMqEgmqp8p8fTzr1hERcjDRIabFtyoSCUVqBPK3w2iXEfs4SYae6Bpa&tbo=u&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1ioK9pp_YAhWSqKQKHSN6ADQQ9C8IHg&biw=1366&bih=662&dpr=1#imgrc=ej4jQnpZgYCjpM:

  12. Exercise and activity • Adolescents spend more time and energy practicing and participating in sports activities. • Activities provide exercise for growing muscles, interactions with peers, and socially acceptable means of enjoying stimulation and conflict. https://www.google.jo/search?q=adolescents+healthy+lifestyle&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CfzChMDWawqNIjgB6U2xJhlFwc8rzJb9vsue4-9oGPxsv3MpbQn47w47nuXWOM0Jf6SyCZlImiNadR8zSV5ZjUHhAioSCQHpTbEmGUXBEXkTqfdN66j-KhIJzyvMlv2-y54R9ahraeaXafcqEgnj72gY_1Gy_1cxHdkZd70c-nRSoSCSltCfjvDjueEd_1_1gDhah4KIKhIJ5dY4zQl_1pLIR1sSRRnKVrhgqEgkJmUiaI1p1HxFPyLRZgN25ZyoSCTNJXlmNQeECEfyujXc6RxtW&tbo=u&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifu4CypJ_YAhXI6KQKHZbHABsQ9C8IHg&biw=1366&bih=662&dpr=1#imgrc=lOI19wBYFyG3bM:

  13. Exercise and activity • Activities help them to self-appraisal and development of self-respect and concern for others. • Nurses can encourage participation as a way to promote health and build self-esteem. https://www.google.jo/search?q=adolescents+healthy+lifestyle&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CfzChMDWawqNIjgB6U2xJhlFwc8rzJb9vsue4-9oGPxsv3MpbQn47w47nuXWOM0Jf6SyCZlImiNadR8zSV5ZjUHhAioSCQHpTbEmGUXBEXkTqfdN66j-KhIJzyvMlv2-y54R9ahraeaXafcqEgnj72gY_1Gy_1cxHdkZd70c-nRSoSCSltCfjvDjueEd_1_1gDhah4KIKhIJ5dY4zQl_1pLIR1sSRRnKVrhgqEgkJmUiaI1p1HxFPyLRZgN25ZyoSCTNJXlmNQeECEfyujXc6RxtW&tbo=u&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifu4CypJ_YAhXI6KQKHZbHABsQ9C8IHg&biw=1366&bih=662&dpr=1#imgrc=lOI19wBYFyG3bM:

  14. Dental health • Dental health should not be neglected during adolescence. • When corrective orthodontic appliances are worn, and these are a source of embarrassment . • Reassurance regarding the temporary nature of the irritation and anticipation of an improved appearance help to make the inconvenience tolerable

  15. Personal care • Body changes associated with puberty bring special needs for cleanliness. • The hyperactive sebaceous glands and newly functioning apocrine glands make frequent bathing a necessity.

  16. Personal care • Regular vision testing is an important part of health care and supervision during adolescence. (uses contact lenses preferable than glasses). • Considerable concern has focused on current teenage practices that cause hearing damage. (portable radios, stereo cassettes with lightweight earphones).

  17. Personal care • Rapid skeletal growth is associated with slower muscular growth, Some postural defect of adolescence require early medical intervention (scoliosis). • Body art (piercing and tattooing) is used to assist with adolescent identity formation, • Piercingثقب the ear, nose, sometimes create a health problems (infection, cyst, HIV, Hep B). • Sun tanning has serious long-term risks, (skin cancer, phototoxic reactions).

  18. Areas of stress in adolescence • Body image. • Scholastic pressures. • Competitive pressures. • Relationships with parents. • Relationships with siblings. 6. Relationships with peers 7. Finances. 8. Decision about present and future roles. 9. Career planning.

  19. Injury prevention • Physical injuries are the greatest single cause of death in the adolescent age-group. Injury Prevention During Adolescents • See table 15-3, Page 460

  20. References Hockenberry, M. J.,Wilson, D. & Rodgers, C., (2017). Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing (10th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby

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