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Project Planning and Management Tools

Learn about Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM), WBS-OBS linkage, RASIC method, and Project Schedule creation including Critical Path Method (CPM) and Gantt Charts.

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Project Planning and Management Tools

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  1. Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) — Purpose • Ensure that all tasks are assigned to people • Show levels of involvement of people to work

  2. Linkage Between WBS and OBS OBS X X WBS X X

  3. Responsibility Assignment Matrix RASIC Method SENIORMANAGEMENT TEAMMEMBER SUPPORTSTAFF PROJECTMANAGER CUSTOMER MARKETING STUDY R I I A I I A S S S S S S S R/S S R I I I I A S S S I S IDENTIFY POTENTIAL MARKET IDENTIFY SURVEY POPULATION DEVELOP SURVEY TEST SURVEY ON SAMPLE FINALIZE SURVEY CONDUCT SURVEY COLLECT SURVEY ANALYZE DATA REPORT RESULTS AND SUGGESTION C C R R R R R R LEGEND R - RESPONSIBLEA - APPROVES - SUPPORT (DOES THE WORK)I - INFORMC - CONSULT

  4. Guidelines • Team member names should be shown across the horizontal axis in the final matrix. • There should be only one R and one S for each activity if possible. • Every activity should have an R and an S. R/S for an activity is acceptable. • The project manager will have the majority of Rs. • The customer and senior management have the majority of As and Is.

  5. Project Schedule — Purpose • Determine if requested completion date is possible. • Identify start and completion dates of all work. • Determine the controlling sequence of activities. • Provide data for resource allocation. • Track progress by providing a baseline.

  6. Scheduling Step 1: Estimate Activity Durations

  7. Estimating Techniques • Deterministic • Best Guess • Delphi (Consensus) • Probabilistic • Program Evaluation Review Techniques (PERT)

  8. Scheduling Step 2: Determine Activity Sequence By Creating a Network Diagram

  9. g a b c d e f h i j i b d e h a c j f g WBS/Network Diagram Linkage

  10. Network Diagram Methods C A B J D F E G Arrow Diagram Method H I J C A B D E F G Precedence Diagram Method H I

  11. Create a Network Diagram • A is the first activity • B, C and D are dependent on A • E and F are dependent on B • G is dependent on C • H is dependent on C and D • I is dependent on F and G • J is dependent on E, I, and H • J is the last activity

  12. Precedence Diagram Method E B F I A C J G D H Logic Connection Activity

  13. Scheduling Step 3: Calculate the Schedule Using Critical Path Method (CPM) Procedures

  14. What’s is the Critical Path? • Riskiest path in a project • Path with the most important activities • Path with least slack • Path with least resistance • Path with longest duration • Path to Emerald City

  15. What’s is the Critical Path? • Path with least slack • Path with longest duration

  16. Determine the Critical Path • A = 2 weeks • B = 1 week • C = 3 weeks • D = 1 week • E = 4 weeks • F = 3 Weeks • G = 2 weeks • H = 1 week • I = 2 weeks • J = 1 week

  17. Project X — Critical PathSolution E Activity Name Float Duration 2 4 3 7 5 9 ES EF LS LF B F 1 1 1 3 2 3 3 4 3 6 4 7 I G J A C 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 3 2 1 5 7 5 7 7 9 7 9 9 10 9 10 0 2 0 2 2 5 2 5 H D 3 5 1 1 2 3 7 8 5 6 8 9

  18. Scheduling Step 4: Show the Schedule by Drawing Gantt and/or Milestone Charts

  19. Enhanced Gantt Chart Jan Feb Mar April May June Task A Task B Task C Task D Task E Task F - Non-Critical - Slack/Float - Critical

  20. Gantt Charts • Simple to construct • Easy to interpret • Good for management reporting

  21. Project X — Gantt Chart Solution Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Activity Duration 2 A B C D E F G H I J 1 3 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 - Non-Critical - Slack/Float - Critical

  22. Develop a Project Schedule • Prepare a project schedule for the room you are going to paint.

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