Unit 1: Intro to Biology Biology is the study and classification of Life Bio = Life

1. Unit 1: Intro to Biology Biology is the study and classification of Life Bio = Life

2. Why Study Science ? • To know God better, & follow His Way- worship, growth, stewardship, worldview, witness … • To have a safer life, avoiding deception- spiritually, physically, financially (false advertisements) • To have a happier life: science can be fun- exotic pets, adventure, discovery, ... • To earn a living, in a science vocation- medical, education, animal care, environmental, homeland security (anti-bioterror expert)…

3. Romans 1:20“For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse”

5. Question, Question, Question

6. Be Curiose = Heart of Science Who? What? When? Why?

7. Those that don’t stop asking silly questions become scientist

8. And experience the joy of DISCOVERY

10. Animal Cell

11. Plant Cell

12. Irreducible Complexity

13. Macro Complexity

14. Thinking Scientifically = Be Analytical, Be Systematic Remain = Biblical

15. Why create them? To teach us how to love others, as He loves us, for His glory and our joy. www.soulcare.org Sid Galloway

16. Is this really God’sWill? Or sin’s corruption of creation ? ; 6:5, 17

17. Atheistic evolution is a mathematical absurdity: Nobody + Nothing = Everything?

18. This is how it should have been Isaiah 11 and 65

19. Biology • The study of life • It is a complex and highly organized study that begins with atoms and progresses to the biosphere

20. Aristotle • Father of Biology

21. Life • Difficult to define • The property of plants and animals which makes it possible for them to: • 1. take in food • 2.grow • 3. change to surroundings (adapt) • 4. reproduce

22. Some characteristics that distinguish living from non living • Metabolism: the sum of all chemical processes in the body • 2 types of of metabolism • 1. catabolism: reaction break large molecules into smaller • 2. anabolism :reaction builds large molecules

23. Categories of living organisms • Producers: Autotrophs • Consumers • Heterotrophs • Decomposers

24. Autotrophs An autotrophis an organism that uses an outside energy source like the Sun to make energy-rich molecules.

25. Heterotroph • A heterotroph is an organism that cannot make their own energy-rich molecules. Heterotrophsobtain energy by eating other organisms. Wolves can’t make their own food. They are consumers. The Cape Buffalo can’t make its own food. It is a consumer.

26. 7 Criteria for life • Organization • Homeostasis (steady state • Adaptation • development • Reproduction • Respond to stimulus • DNA molecule

27. Heiarchy of Ecology

28. Population: members of same species in the same place • Community: population of species living in the same area. • Ecosystem: community and nonliving portion

29. Biome: large scale communities classified by the predominant vegetation types distinctive combination of plants and animals • Biosphere: planet earth

30. Heiarchy of an organism

31. Correlation of structure and function • In living organisms there is a correlation between form and function • Biological structures give clues about what they do and how they work • Knowing a structure’s function gives insight about its construction

32. Cellular basis of life • The cell is life’s basic unit of structure and function • It is the lowest level of structure capable of performing activities of life • All organisms are composed of cells • May exist singularly ( unicellular) or as subunits of multicellular organisms

33. EARLY MICROSCOPES • Zacharias Janssen - made 1st compound microscope • a Dutch maker of reading glasses (late 1500’s)

34. Leeuwenhoek • The first to observe living cells ( 1675) • discovered blood cells, bacteria and other single-celled organisms which he named “animacules

35. Discovery of cells • Cells were first seen in 1665 by the early microscopist Robert Hooke. • Hooke was examining cork wood, and noticed that the wood was divided into little squares or “cells”

36. CELL THEORY: Schleiden and Schwann • A theory resulting from many scientists’ observations & conclusions • 1. All organisms are composed of cells • 2. cell is the simplest unit of life • 3. cells come from preexisting cells

37. Ultra structure of cells • Cells are bound by plasma membranes that regulate the passage of materials between the cell and its surrounding • Some cells have a tough cell wall outside the plasma membrane (plant cells) animal cells lack cell walls • Cells are controlled by their DNA • The largest organelle in the cell is the nucleus

38. Two basic cell types: Eukaryotes (Eu = true) (kary = nucleus) Organisms whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles. Prokaryotes (Pro = before) Organisms without a membrane-bound nucleus (bacteria). *

39. Ditonomous key Ditonomous key • a written set of choices that leads to the name of an organism

40. Carolus Linnaeus • Father of taxonomy

41. Kingdom Divisions 5 kingdom 6 Kingdom • : • 1. plant • 2. Animal • 3. Protist • 4. Fungi • 5. Monera/ Prokaryotae • : • 1. Plant • 2. Animal • 3. Protista • 4. Fungi • 5. Eubacteria( true bacteria) • 6. Archaebactera Viruses are not placed in a kingdom

42. Monera

43. Protista

44. Fungi:

45. Plantae • Plantae: multicellular Eukaryotic autotrophs

46. Animalae: • Multicelluar Eukaryoticheterotrophs

47. Taxonomy The science of organizing and classifying organisms.

48. Early Taxonomy Systems • Early scientific names described the physical characteristics of a species in great detail and were often 20 words long and was difficult because scientist chose different characteristics for the same species

49. Ex: “ Oak with deeply divided leaves that have no hairs on their undersides and no teeth around their edges

50. CLASSIFICATION PYRAMID • Today Scientists use Carolus Linnaeus's seven levels of classification. • This is done since scientists often classify speciesinto subspecies, varieties or strains to denotevariations within a species.