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Managing the Virtual Library. Jane Burke Vice President, ProQuest General Manager, Serials Solutions. Research Library Model. Old Model of Library Use is Gone. Old model resulted from $$$ of the ’60’s Built BIG print collections Users had to come to the collections.
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Managing the Virtual Library Jane Burke Vice President, ProQuest General Manager, Serials Solutions
Old Model of Library Use is Gone • Old model resulted from $$$ of the ’60’s • Built BIG print collections • Users had to come to the collections
Nature of collections has changed • 50+% spent on e-resources is not unusual • Underutilized • Collections are much more volatile • e-journals • Open Access journals • e-book collections • e-music • Institutional repository • Online reference resources • Datasets
Recent Study: Primary Research Group Study on Database Licensing Practices: • Mean number of licenses for e-content has tripled • Mean spending for e-books by corporate and legal libraries is $48,000 • Consortium purchases accounted for 30% of licenses The Survey of Library Database Licensing Practices: ISBN#:1-57440-093-2
It’s all about the Users • The Web has changed how we deliver and consume information • The shift from physical to digital delivery of information has created new requirements and opportunities for delivering effective library experiences • The Web has profoundly transformed the nature of library collections • The majority of new acquisitions are Web-based • Collections have increased dramatically and content is available anytime, anywhere • Web search engines compete with libraries
Users are forcing a paradigm shift • 87% of respondents believe that the paradigm has shifted from library management to user-centric • They cite the “Googlization” of information access as a primary reason • Where researchers still use the library—it is often remotely • This negates the research librarian’s traditional value-added role in users’ research processes
End Users are very busy • Social networking sites very rarely used for research. • Student lives are compartmentalized • User generated content is not easy to get • Good news … they will try the Library 1st ProQuest study of undergrads
Today’s Library exists within a new world of users • We need to be where the end users are ! • We can’t believe that they will tolerate learning multiple user interfaces • Courseware & Google are the lingua franca • We must accept short term risk to avoid long term “disintermediation” 危机
What about access systems? • ILS systems are ubiquitous • Application “stacks” around a single bibliographic database of MARC records • ILS’s are print inventory based • OPAC’s are “shop windows” on inventory control systems, exposing users to administrivia before they can do what they want to – search
What about the e-content? • Databases • E-books • Full text • Data sets Competing for visibility
Searching - What the Patron Sees Where should I begin?
But we have Federated Search • Good – important step • Federated search is NOT “in its infancy” • Connector technologies – publishers “get” it now – XML gateway standard (NISO MXG) • Results processing advances • Relevancy • Visualization • Results Clustering
Results Clustering • “On the fly” subject categorization • Facets • Journal Title clustering • Author clustering • Year clustering
But… is the e-content findable? • Where are the e-resources ? • Where is the access to the federated search? • Buried on the site? • Inherent problems with federated search • Speed ! • Differing metadata
Role of Linking • Link Resolvers keep A&I prominent • Skip the landing page ! • Demand “tuned” links • Expect “search within link” to expand the reach of the resolver • My library • Print versions
Serials • Libraries want to give up checkin ! • Don’t worry about claiming • User notification – let RSS do it • Support Onix for Serials • New Editeur/NISO standards • SPS • SOH • SRN • Lobby publishers and software vendors
We – Librararies and Providers --continue to be bifurcated • Continuing blind spot -- silo by format • We are all doing this • Digital Millennials don’t differentiate !
We can’t teach the difference • We’ve tried and tried • Card catalog vs. Wilson indexes • Online catalog vs. databases • Give it up !
Today’s Tools don’t equal Web 2.0 Source: Open Gardens
Research project said librarians want: • Way to search that provides seamless integration and access to all content repositories both internal and external • Including e-books, audio, video, etc. • Integration of all solutions into one product… • …and interoperability
Success: Part 1 • Users find what they need quickly • In a simple way • Wherever they are • So they don’t have to go somewhere else
Success: Part 2 • Measurement • What’s being used and how often • The meaning behind the statistics • Some way to measure return on investment
Success: Part 3 • Providing a competitive advantage over the Internet • Honing in on the value we add to the research experience
The World is Flat Each object is on an equal level Search
Is it Happening? • Seeing the first glimpses • “Discovery”=Content + Community + Technology • Discovery: Single interface for finding all the information. Users are no longer forced to search in multiple systems for different media types—books, e-books, print and electronic articles, digital media, and other types of resources.
Early entrants: 3 types of players • Commercial – vendor supplied • Open Source – library efforts • Google Scholar
Commercial Endeca
Open Source • Summa -- State and University Library, Denmark Villa Nova University • eXtensible catalog – University of Rochester + partners
Early Days … • Currently focusing on library’s records • Keywords • Facets • “Community” requires a hosted service • Definitely Web 2.0 • Maybe not social networking • Scalability • Need billion + documents • Doable with stretch
Libraries need to … • Align priorities with reality • Align behaviors with reality • Stop doing lots of stuff that isn’t appreciated • Hurry Up !! • We have no real sense of the print environment, but that’s how they evaluate.
But they don’t always understand how or why • Tradition of discrete systems • Just starting to appreciate the problem of multiple “knowledgebases” • Still tend to look at each new digital collection discretely • Don’t see the knowledgebases as other “OPAC’s” • Uneven approach to digital collections • Uneven embrace of new technology
Providers need to care • Usage through federated search • Project COUNTER reporting • “Assessment” products emerging • Duplicative development efforts ASIDIC 3/08
What should we be doing for them? • Overall, save them time, make their content findable so that they stay relevant • Be the source of all digital collection access and management in an integrated workflow • Apply approval plans to e-content • Give up individual interfaces
Change requires change • Librarians must sell – blatantly – to users • Librarians must abandon the format mentality • and customized MARC records • Publishers must rethink the value of metadata • Metadata as a commodity • “Dis-aggregation” • New standards
Overall…we can do this ! • Must be end-user focused • Must accept that we can’t do everything • Old things • New things • Tools can help • Access and discovery • E-resource management
Hurry Up !! • This is a time of “revolution” – not evolution • Give print only the percentage of time it earns by circulation • Flip the mental switch – it will lead to the right behaviors and expectations