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Physical vs. Chemical

Physical vs. Chemical. Physical Property can be observed without changing the identity of the substance Chemical Property describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in identity. Physical vs. Chemical. Lets think about the penny. What is the penny made out of?

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Physical vs. Chemical

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  1. Physical vs. Chemical • Physical Property • can be observed without changing the identity of the substance • Chemical Property • describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in identity

  2. Physical vs. Chemical • Lets think about the penny. What is the penny made out of? • Please tell me you didn’t say just copper! • Lets take a look at what the penny has done over the years. • Composition? • Why would the penny change (think of physical properties, as well as chemical properties?

  3. B. Physical vs. Chemical physical chemical physical physical chemical • Examples: • melting point • flammable • density • magnetic • tarnishes in air

  4. Physical vs. Chemical • Physical Change • changes the form of a substance without changing its identity • properties remain the same • Chemical Change • changes the identity of a substance • products have different properties

  5. Physical vs. Chemical • Signs of a Chemical Change • change in color or odor • formation of a gas • formation of a precipitate (solid) • change in light or heat

  6. Physical vs. Chemical chemical physical chemical physical physical • Examples: • rusting iron • dissolving in water • burning a log • melting ice • grinding spices

  7. Classify Each of the following as Physical or Chemical Properties • The boiling point of ethyl alcohol is 78°C. • Physical property – describes inherent characteristic of alcohol – boiling point • Diamond is very hard. • Physical property – describes inherent characteristic of diamond – hardness • Sugar ferments to form ethyl alcohol. • Chemical property – describes behavior of sugar – forming a new substance (ethyl alcohol)

  8. Changes in Matter • Physical Changes are changes to matter that do not result in a change of the fundamental components that make that substance • State Changes – boiling, melting, condensing • Chemical Changes involve a change in the fundamental components of the substance • Produce a new substance • Chemical reaction • Reactants  Products

  9. Classify Each of the following as Physical or Chemical Changes • Iron is melted. • Physical change – describes a state change, but the material is still iron • Iron combines with oxygen to form rust. • Chemical change – describes how iron and oxygen react to make a new substance, rust • Sugar ferments to form ethyl alcohol. • Chemical change – describes how sugar forms a new substance (ethyl alcohol)

  10. Table salt is stirred into water (left), forming a homogeneous mixture called a solution (right)

  11. No chemical change occurs when salt water is distilled

  12. PHYSICAL CHEMICAL CHANGE New form of old substance. No new substances formed. Old substance destroyed. New substance formed. PROPERTIES Description by senses – shape, color, odor, etc. Measurable properties – density, boiling point, etc. List of chemical changes possible. Properties of Matter

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