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CommunIcatIon

CommunIcatIon. Esra Didem Caran Industrial Engineering Department, Dokuz Eylul University Turkey edcaran@gmail.com. WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?. Communication is the process of transferring information from one source to another. TH I S PROCESS REQU I RES ; Listening, Observing,

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CommunIcatIon

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  1. CommunIcatIon Esra Didem Caran Industrial Engineering Department, Dokuz Eylul University Turkey edcaran@gmail.com

  2. WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? Communication is the process of transferring information from one source to another.

  3. THIS PROCESS REQUIRES; • Listening, • Observing, • Speaking, • Questioning, • Analyzing, • Evaluating. • IF YOU USE THESE PROCESSES, IT IS DEVELOPMENTAL AND TRANSFERS TO ALL AREAS OF LIFE: • HOME, SCHOOL, COMMUNITY, WORK AND BEYOND.

  4. THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION (Terms)

  5. SENDER(SOURCE):The person who transmits a message. MESSAGE: Any signal that triggers the response of a receiver. ENCODING: The activity in which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message. CHANNEL(THE MEDIUM): The channel is the method used to deliver message.

  6. DECODING:The point where attaching meaning to the words or symbols is done by the receiver. RECEIVER:Any person who notices and attaches some meaning to a message. FEEDBACK:The discernible response of a receiver to a sender’s message. NOISE: The term communication scholars use for factors that interfere with the exchange of messages. CONTEXT:The natural background which influences communication in which it occurs.

  7. GENERAL TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

  8. DIALOGUE OR VERBAL COMMUNICATION: Verbal communication is one way for people to communicate by using words. Some of the key components of verbal communication are sound, words, speaking, and language. 

  9. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION: Nonverbal communication is the process of communicating through sending and receiving wordlessmessages. Such messages can be communicated through gesture, body language or posture; facial expression and eye contact, object communication such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture, or symbols as well as through an aggregate of the above, such as behavioral communication.

  10. VISUAL COMMUNICATION: Visual communication as the name suggests is communication through visual aid. It is the conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be read or looked upon. It includes: signs, typography, drawing, graphic design, illustration, color and electronic resources.

  11. THEIMPORTANCEOFCOMMUNICATIONABILITYFORYOU

  12. By improving your communication ability you will improve your opportunity for advancement. • Because communication is so important, business wants and needs people with good communication abilities. Business promotes good communicators; and it rewards them with pay. • Organizations are concerned about what their managers write and say because a manager’s communications can initiate litigation and can also be used as evidence against the organizations in legal proceedings.

  13. WHY BUSINESS NEEDS TO COMMUNICATE?

  14. Communication enables people to do all the work that must be done within the business. • It enables business people to follow a plan of operations, to avoid duplication, to coordinate effort, to share knowledge, to report progress, to solve problems, and such. • Communication also enables workers to conduct the necessary relations with those outside the business. • Clearly without communication the business organization could not function.

  15. COMMUNICATION PATTERNS

  16. 1)The Barbell:In this pattern, both partners to the communication depend on the other’s confidence. Typically, neither wants to stand alone as an isolate, and so relies heavily on the communication partner. • 2)The Triangle:Three people or work units joined in a triangle pattern face the challenge of dealing with different points of view without making any one party to the triangle. • 3) The Breakdown In The Triangle: In this case, two of the parties have severed communication. With time, they may also sever connection with the one party they have in common. Usually it is difficult to remain the one trusted associate of two enemies.

  17. 4)The Pyramid: In pyramidal communications, one party usually assumes the “apex” or leadership role. • 5)The Series: A chain of linked parties presents the challenge familiar from the old party game called “Rumor, Rumor.” In the game, one person whispers a sentence or two to the next person, who then passes it on down the chain. By the time it gets to the last person in line, the message has usually changed-often with hilarious result. • 6)The Circle:Message is sent around the circle, but eventually finds its way back to the initiator. He or she can alter the message, if necessary, or start a new one on its way around the circle.

  18. 7)Hub and Spokes: This pattern combines aspects of the pyramid-the hub resembles the apex of the pyramid-and the circle. The leader initiates a message that is then disseminated throughout the business group. • 8)Legs: In this organizational communication pattern, messages are communicated through levels of responsibility to more and more workers. • 9)The Crossfire:The pattern works especially well for a brainstorming session, in which the goal of the meeting is to get a broad range of ideas out on the table.

  19. COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

  20. 1)Formal Communication Networks: • Downward Communication:It occurs when whenever superiors initiate messages to their subordinates. • Upward Communication: Messages flowing from subordinates to superiors are labeled upward communication. • Horizontal Communication (Lateral Communication): It consists of messages between members of an organization with equal power. The most obvious type of horizontal communication goes on between members of the same division of an organization: office works in the same department, co-workers on a project, and so on.

  21. 2)Informal Communication Networks: • Alongside the formal networks, every organization also has informal communication networks – patterns of interaction based on friendships, shared personal or career interests, and proximity.

  22. CHOOSING THE OPTIMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL

  23. 1)Face-to-face communication:Some are one-to-one meetings, either scheduled or spur of the moment. Others involve small groups of people, gathering spontaneously or in formal meetings. Still other face to face communication occurs in large groups, where one or more speakers make presentations to an audience. 2)Teleconferencing:This technology allows participants in two or more locations to see and speak with each other. 3)Telephone and Voice mail: The telephone lets you contact a receiver who would be impossible to reach in person. Voice mail is a high-tech version of the answering machine. It allows you to leave a message at any time.

  24. 4)Written Communication: Advantages: • Permanent, • Easier to understand, • Composed in advance, • Less prone to errors. Disadvantages: • Since e-mails can be stored and forwarded to any number of other recipients, people never intend to see it.

  25. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

  26. QUALITIES OF AN EFFECTIVE SPEAKER • Knowledgeable • Prepared • Well-organized • Honest

  27. DELIVERING THE SPEECH Choice of words and word use: • Use familiar words • Choose the short words • Use technical word with caution • Select words with the right strength and vigor • Use specific words • Use the active voice • Use the words with definite meanings

  28. Pronunciation of Words: The speaker should care of the announce of the words chosen. • Inflection: Change in tone, emphasis ad volume will often reflect better than the words, feelings of emotion, anger, enthusiasm, humor or support. • Volume: If the speaker wishes to have his ideas accepted, the audience must be able to hear him easily. On the other hand, if the speaker’s voice is too loud, the audience may find that irritated, and again the speaker will lose. • Gestures and Posture: Effective nonverbal communication by means of hands, head, face and eyes help convey the speaker’s message, mood and attitude. But gestures must be spontaneous and natural. It’s important that they not look artificial. • Eye Contact: Eye contact, carefully and naturally maintained, helps keep the audience involved with the speaker.

  29. There are three major parts in human face to face communication which are body language, voice tonality, and words. According to the research: • 55%of impact is determined by body-language; postures, gesturesandeye contact • 38%by the tone of voice • 7% by the content or the words used in the communication process.

  30. Thank you for listening. EsraDidemCaran Industrial Engineering Department

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