The Master Reader Updated Edition by D. J. Henry

1. Chapter 6 Transitions and Thought Patterns The Master ReaderUpdated Editionby D. J. Henry

2. Transitions and Thought Patterns • TRANSITIONS help you make sense of an author’s idea in two basic ways. • Transitions join ideas within a sentence. • Transitions establish thought patterns so readers can understand the logical flow of ideas between sentences.

3. Transitions • Transitions are words and phrases that signal thought patterns by showing the logical relationships within a sentence and between sentences. • Example: • Fernando is actively involved in several community organizations. Children know Fernando likes them becausehe goes on all the Boy Scout camping trips and he coaches a youth soccer league.

4. Transition Words: Relationships Within a Sentence • A transition word makes the relationship of the idea within the sentence clear. • Example: • Cigarettes are a primary cause of cancer; therefore, the government forced tobacco companies to place the following warning on every pack: “Quitting Smoking Now Greatly Reduces Serious Risks to Your Health.”

5. Thought Patterns: Relationships Between Sentences • Thought Patterns are signaled by using transitions to show the logical relationships between ideas in a paragraph, passage, or textbook chapter. • Four common thought patterns: • The Time Order Pattern • The Space Order Pattern • The Listing Pattern • The Classification Pattern

6. After Afterward As Before Currently During Eventually Finally First Immediately Last Later Meanwhile Next Now Often Previously Second Since Transition Wordsused in the TIME ORDER patterns • Soon • Then • Ultimately • Until • When • While

7. Example • Robert and Dorothy had a fantastic time when they vacationed at Valhalla Resort on Marathon Key in Florida. They woke up before dawn every day so that they would not miss the beautiful sunrises. . . .

8. Above Across Adjacent Around At the bottom At the side At the top Back Backup Behind Below Beneath Beside Beyond By Center Close to Down Far away Farther Front Here In Inside Transition Wordsused in the SPACE ORDER pattern • Left • Middle • Next to • Nearby • Outside • Right • There • Under • Underneath • Within

9. Example • From the inside out, the car exuded luxury and power. Inside, plush charcoal-colored floor carpets complemented the soft leather seats and rich, mahogany-paneled dash board. Under the hood, a V8 engine purred with restrained power that could explode from 0 to 60 miles per hour in seconds. The aerodynamic exterior gleamed like a slick silver bullet as it sliced through the air.

10. Transitions of addition signal that the writer is adding to an earlier thought. Transitions used in the LISTING pattern

11. Also And Another Besides Final Finally First First of all For one thing Furthermore In addition Last Last of all Moreover Next One Second Third Transition Words used in the LISTING, addition pattern

12. Example • Taking mass transit is good for all concerned. First, you can spend your time reading a good book on the way to work. Second, you can leave the driving and frustrations over traffic to the bus driver. Finally, having less cars on the road can only help to ease smog and to enhance the air in your city.

13. Another (group, kind, type) Characteristics First (group, category, kind, type) Second (group, class, kind, type) Order Traits Transitions used in the CLASSIFICATION pattern

14. Example • There are different ways to save money. One way is to use put money away in your savings account on a monthly basis. Another way is to put your money in the stock market. Your returns may be higher in the stock market, but it is also a riskier way to save your money.

15. TEXTBOOKS: Thought Patterns • Transitions are often used to make relationships between ideas clear and easy to understand. • But, also they will mix and combine transitions. • Be aware that relationships between ideas still exist even when transition words are not explicitly stated.

16. Chapter Review • Transitions are words and phrases that signal thought patterns by showing the logical relationships within a sentence and between sentences. • A thought pattern is established by using transitions to show the logical relationship between ideas in a paragraph or passage. • The four common patterns • The Time Order Pattern • The Space Order Pattern • The Listing Pattern • The Classification Pattern

17. Practice • Remember to complete your scorecard for the Review Tests in this chapter. And visit the Companion Website at www.ablongman.com/henry. • Complete the Applications, Review Tests, and Mastery Tests for Chapter 6 in your textbook.