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Vocabulary Skills. Chapter 2. The Master Reader Updated Edition by D. J. Henry. Vocabulary. Vocabulary is all the words used or understood by a person. By the time you are 18, you know about 60,000 words. During college you learn an additional 20,000 words.
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Vocabulary Skills Chapter 2 The Master ReaderUpdated Editionby D. J. Henry
Vocabulary • Vocabulary is all the words used or understood by a person. • By the time you are 18, you know about 60,000 words. • During college you learn an additional 20,000 words. • Each subject has its own set of words. • You can learn new words through: • Context Clues • Word Parts • Visuals
Context Clues • A context clue is the information that surrounds a new word. It is used to understand its meaning. • The four types of context clues are: • Synonyms • Antonyms • General context • Examples
Synonyms • A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning. • Synonym signal words are: or, that is • Example: The dentist gave me laughing gas to alleviate (or ease) the pain of takingout my wisdom teeth.
Antonyms • An antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning of another word. • Antonym signal words are: but, not, unlike, in contrast, yet, however. • Example: During dinner, Anne let out a loud burp that mortifiedher mother, but amused her friends.
General Context • Sometimes a definition is provided. • Sometimes a description is provided. • Sometimes logic and reasoning skills are needed. • Example:To insure safety, written and road tests should be mandatory for everyone who seeks a driver’s license for the first time; no exceptions should be allowed.
Another Example: • Jamie speculated about how much weight he wanted to gain during the three-month bodybuilding program he was beginning for the first time. • Knew • Wondered • Worried • Celebrated
Examples • An example is provided of the word. • Example signal words indicate that an example is coming: for instance, such as, consists of, including • Example:Some authors use pseudonyms; for example, famous American author Mark Twain’s real name was Samuel Clemens.
Word Parts • Roots: the basic or main part of a word. • Prefixes: a group of letters added to the beginning of a root word to make a word. • Suffixes: a group of letters added to the end of a root word to make a word. • Example: in-vis-ible
TEXTBOOKS • USING A GLOSSARY (alphabetical listing of specialized words) • Back of the book • Within the chapters • In the margins, in boxes • Use before and after reading, by scanning the text for words in bold or italics, and checking their meanings in the glossary.
TEXTBOOKS Visual Vocabulary • A graph, chart, cartoon, or photograph gives a visual image of a word.
Complete the Practices in your book for an in-depth explanation of roots, suffixes, and prefixes and how they can help you understand words.
Practice Complete the Applications, Review Tests, and Mastery Tests for Chapter 2 in your book. * Remember to complete your scorecard for the Review Tests in this chapter. And visit the Companion Web site at www.ablongman.com/henryfor more practice.