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Lecture 8 Psyc 300A

Lecture 8 Psyc 300A. Observational Studies. Naturalistic vs. Laboratory Naturalistic has high ecological validity Often need to code data Advantages Study behavior as it naturally unfolds Disadvantages: Many influences on behavior Subjective interpretation. Case Study.

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Lecture 8 Psyc 300A

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  1. Lecture 8Psyc 300A

  2. Observational Studies • Naturalistic vs. Laboratory • Naturalistic has high ecological validity • Often need to code data • Advantages • Study behavior as it naturally unfolds • Disadvantages: • Many influences on behavior • Subjective interpretation

  3. Case Study • Study a single person or group in great depth • Advantage: • Can study complexity of individuals and rare phenomena • Disadvantages: • Don’t generalize well to other groups • Case may be atypical • Subjective interpretation

  4. Survey • Ask for self-reports from respondents • Advantages: • Can get lots of info and compare with results from other studies • Methodological considerations: • Truthful responding • Wording effects • Response options • Sampling

  5. Surveys: Wording Effects “Do you think sexual harassment in the workplace is wrong?” “Should a person be fired for telling an off-color joke at work?” • Closed vs. open-ended questions • Loaded questions • Leading questions

  6. Surveys: Response Options “I believe the sentences for car theft (first offense) should be: a. probation only b. three months in jail c. six months in jail d. one year in prison e. two years in prison,

  7. Surveys: Response Options “I believe the sentences for car theft (first offense) should be: a. six months in jail b. one year in prison c. two years in prison d. five years in prison e. ten years in prison

  8. Likert Scales A particular type of rating scale. Psyc 300A requires too much homework. 1 2 3 4 5 Strongly Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Agree

  9. Who Will Be in Your Study? • What is a population? • What is a sample? • What is a representative sample? • Probability vs nonprobability sampling

  10. Probability (Random) Sampling • Simple random sampling • Stratified random sampling • Cluster sampling

  11. Nonprobability Sampling • Convenience sampling • Quota sampling • Snowball sampling

  12. Group Activity: Sampling You want to conduct a survey of psychology students to find out about their occupational preferences. How would you do it using each kind of sampling? • Simple random sampling • Stratified random sampling • Cluster sampling • Convenience sampling • Quota sampling • Snowball sampling

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