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Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Unmanned Aircraft Systems. NAS Integration Challenges. SAE AGCSC. Doug Davis, FAA UAPO. March 2, 2007. What is UAS?. Unmanned Aircraft System(s) (UAS) historically called by various terms: Drone/ROA/RPV/UAV/Model/R-C Includes: Unmanned Aircraft (UA) Aircraft Control Station

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Unmanned Aircraft Systems

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  1. Unmanned Aircraft Systems NAS Integration Challenges SAE AGCSC Doug Davis, FAA UAPO March 2, 2007

  2. What is UAS? • Unmanned Aircraft System(s) (UAS) historically called by various terms: • Drone/ROA/RPV/UAV/Model/R-C • Includes: • Unmanned Aircraft (UA) • Aircraft Control Station • Command & Control Link/s • Operated or flown by a “pilot”

  3. UAS Operations in the NAS • Within “Segregated” Special Use Airspace – No FAA Coordination • Includes Restricted, Warning Areas and Prohibited areas • Excludes Military Operating Areas, Air Traffic Control Assigned Airspace (ATCAA), Alert Areas and Controlled Firing Areas • Primarily used by Department of Defense • Predominantly Public use Aircraft • In non-segregated airspace – Requires FAA Approval and Authority • “Public” UAS – through Certificate of Authorization (COA) process • “Civil” UAS – using experimental airworthiness certification process • FAA policy explained and clarified in Federal Register Notice issued February 13, 2007

  4. Experimentals

  5. Experimentals

  6. Experimentals

  7. Experimentals

  8. Experimentals

  9. Challenges • Start with the pilot --- the “Unmanned” issue • Remotely located • Non-Compliance with 14 CFR Part 91 • All the visual stuff….plus more • What about Command & Control? • Additional step in the comm process now included • ATC issues clearance to remote pilot using a link then pilot must transmit command to aircraft using a link • Latency Issues? • Human Factors • Pilot position development has a LONG way to go

  10. Challenges • The Links • No identified protected frequency spectrum for UAS • Command & Control needed • Detect, Sense, and Avoid link also • Beginning discussions for WRC 2011 • No Industry position on projected required bandwidth • Link will need to be “gold-plated” if critical capability remains in the Ground Control Station (GCS)

  11. Challenges • The Aircraft • Loads of shapes and sizes • Structures • Hard to see • Do not perform the way manned aircraft do at altitude • Onboard systems are not always redundant

  12. Challenges • The Regulations • Don’t specifically call out UAS • Were designed with the onboard pilot in mind • New Regulations are needed • Lengthy process • Need time to develop • Use basis of other FAR’s where it makes sense

  13. Challenges

  14. More…..

  15. Finally We are just starting this journey…… Going too fast can make a bad day for a lot of people….. We need the time to do this right…..not slow….but right

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