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Third-Party Interveners. What? Why? How?. Types of Third-Party Roles. Facilitator Mediator Arbitrator Combinations Manager. Differences among interveners. Decisions about using a Third Party. Informal versus formal Process versus outcome control Invited versus imposed
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Third-Party Interveners What? Why? How?
Types of Third-Party Roles Facilitator Mediator Arbitrator Combinations Manager
Decisions about using a Third Party • Informal versus formal • Process versus outcome control • Invited versus imposed • Interpersonal versus intergroup
Third party’s objectives • Help parties find a zone of agreement, if it exists • Obtain and use information • Maximize joint gains • Promote a process and outcome parties perceive as fair • Improve relationships (so parties resolve future problems on their own) • Maintain impartiality
Managers as mediators vs arbitrators • Set the context • Define/present the problem • Extract/furnish information • Facilitate discussion: • Solve a mutual problem • Brain storm • Set criteria • Seek consensus • If consensus, confirm in writing • If no consensus, summarize any agreements, assign decision to manager, explain the decision • Get closure • Use deadlines • Create implementation plan
The goal of A Negotiation… …is not to reach an agreement. It’s to reach a good agreement.