Decades of Change

1. Decades of Change AP® U.S History

2. To Do: • Sit with study buddy • Take out notebook • Review Q Warm Up • Which of the following resulted from the Cuban missile crisis? • The Soviets were allowed to keep existing missiles in Cuba but could not increase the number of missiles • The United States agreed to withdraw from Berlin in exchange for Soviet withdrawal from Cuba • The Soviets gained none of their objectives, while the United States emerged victorious • The United States succeeded in eliminating all communist influence from the Western Hemisphere • The Soviets withdrew their missiles form Cuba in exchange for a promise from the United States not to attack Fidel Castro

3. 35th Administration • first Catholic president • televised debates • Hollywood mystique • civil rights advocate (RFK)

4. Kennedy’s Cold War crises: • Bay of Pigs fiasco • Cuban Missile Crisis • Berlin Wall

6. Kennedy’s New Frontier • difficulty enacting reforms due to conservative Congress • deficit spending (welfare) • Peace Corps • Alliance for Progress • NASA • Civil Rights Act 1964 (proposed)

8. 36th Administration • political leverage after JFK’s assassination • civil rights president • welfare president (Great Society) • Vietnam War president

11. Warren Court Decisions • desegregation • banned prayer in public schools • loyalty oaths unconstitutional • no censorship • free speech includes anti-war speech • reapportionment (“one person, one vote”) • exclusionary rule • free legal counsel • no questioning without lawyer • Miranda rights

12. To Do: • Sit with study buddy • Take out notebook • Review Q Warm Up • Which of the following was an achievement of the John F. Kennedy administration? • Passage of civil rights legislation • Passage of bills to create health insurance for the aged and to increase aid to education • Extension of diplomatic recognition to the People’s Republic of China • Passage of the Alliance for Progress to provide economic aid for Latin America • Passage of the Economic Opportunity Bill

13. Dredd Scott case the end of Reconstruction Plessy v. Ferguson Jim Crow

14. Turning Point: Brown v. Board of Education 1954 “with all deliberate speed” - Brown II

15. Leaders • NAACP - Thurgood Marshall • SCLC - Martin Luther King, Jr. • SNCC - Stokely Carmichael • CORE - James Farmer • Black Panthers - Huey Newton and Bobby Seale • Nation of Islam - Malcolm X

16. Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955 1956, the Warren Court outlawed segregation on buses

17. Central High Little Rock, Arkansas “Little Rock Nine” 1957 Resistance: state’s rights Gov. Orval Faubus

18. SNCC CORE Sit-ins

19. CORE: Freedom Riders • 1961 - violence • RFK helps out • RFK used Federal Marshals to help • RFK bans segregation in all “interstate” travel facilities, including waiting rooms, restrooms, and lunch counters

20. Birmingham, Alabama

21. March on Washington 1963 in support of Kennedy’s proposed Civil Rights bill “I Have a Dream Speech” JFK assassinated

22. Freedom Summer 1964 (register voters) • March from Selma to Montgomery (for voting rights)

23. de jure v. de facto segregation North v. South

24. To Do: • Sit with study buddy • Take out notebook • Review Q Warm Up • Which of the following did the Black Panthers and the Nation of Islam have in common in the late 1960s • They advocated ending segregation in the North rather than the South • They sought affiliation with the American Communist Party • They emphasized developing a greater sense of Black nationalism and solidarity • They advocated nonviolent means to achieve their goals • They split off from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) after the death of Martin Luther King, Jr.

25. Leaders • NAACP - Thurgood Marshall • SCLC - Martin Luther King, Jr. • SNCC - Stokely Carmichael • CORE - James Farmer • Black Panthers - Huey Newton and Bobby Seale • Nation of Islam - Malcolm X

26. Changes in the Civil Rights Movement 1965 Watts, LA 1967 - MLK, Jr. comes out against Vietnam War

27. Malcolm X • Nation of Islam • Elijah Muhammad • Armed self-defense • Separatism • Formed new org. • 1965 - shot and killed

28. Black Panthers • Self-defense, self-reliance, self-sufficiency • Black power • Started in Oakland • Housing, employment, conscientious objectors, daycare centers, free breakfasts, medical clinics, etc. • MLK objected

29. April 1968

30. June 1968

31. To Do: • Sit with study buddy • Take out notebook • Review Q Warm Up • The rock ‘n’ roll of Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, and the Rolling Stones derived primarily from • European folk music • Nineteenth-century American ballads • Cowboy songs • African American rhythm and blues • Scotch-Irish ballads

32. Review • List presidents 1-36. • What were JFK’s major foreign policy challenges? What were his domestic programs? • List as many of LBJ’s domestic programs as you can. • List as many Warren Court decisions as you can. • Put the events of the civil rights movement into chronological order.

33. Identify: • Thurgood Marshall • Rosa Parks • Martin Luther King, Jr. • Freedom riders • James Meredith • Malcolm X • Stokely Carmichael • Black Panthers