Type II

1. Type II • The article addresses major failings of Reconstruction. Describe one of the issues and how efforts to address the issue failed during Reconstruction.

2. The Challenge of Reconstruction (1865-1877)

3. I. Two Fundamental Problems • How to deal with the defeated South • How to protect the interests of former slaves (freedmen)

4. II. Key Questions • How would the Confederate states be reintegrated into the Union? • Who had primary responsibility in defining these conditions? The President or Congress?

5. III. President Johnson vs. Congress • Johnson sought a mild “restoration” policy • A radical element of congress sought a more aggressive “reconstruction” policy • Johnson was eventually impeached as a result of this conflict

6. Military Districts

7. Military Protection

8. Gains by African Americans

9. Opposition to Reconstruction

10. Opposition to Reconstruction II

11. IV. Republicans vs. Democrats • Ulysses S. Grant replaced Johnson after the election of 1868 • White Southerners were gradually won back control of their states • During Grant’s second term, the Democrats gained control of the House (1874)

12. Election of 1876

13. Compromise of 1877