Matter Cycles Review

1. Matter Cycles Review

2. How does energy move through a food web? biosphere constant inputof energy energy flowsthrough Don’t forgetthe laws of Physics! Energy is transformed! • Solar Chemical

3. Energy Transformations vs. Transfers • Learning Target #5: Describe the transfers and transformations of matter and/or energy in an ecosystem • Transfers – animal eating plant • Transformations – sun (solar energy) to glucose (chemical energy) • You decide! - carbon dioxide is used by plants and turned into glucose

4. Energy Pyramids show Flow of Energy

5. Why is there more biomass at the bottom of the food web than at the top of the food web? Biomass = The dry mass of all organisms.

6. Does matter flow in the same way that energy does? biosphere constant inputof energy energy flowsthrough nutrients cycle Inputs: • energy • nutrients Don’t forgetthe laws of Physics! Matter cannot be created ordestroyed nutrients can only cycle Outputs: • heat • metabolism

7. Is it Matter? - PROBE • rocks baby powder milk air • light dust love electricity • cells atoms fire smoke • salt Mars Jupiter steam • heat rotten apples sound waves • water bacteria oxygen stars • gravity magnetic force dissolved sugar

8. Matter Defined… • Made up of particles (atoms or molecules) • Has weight and mass • Takes up space (volume) • Exists in the form of solid, liquid, gas or plasma

9. Is it Matter? - PROBE • rocks baby powder milk air • light dust love electricity • cells atoms fire smoke • salt Mars Jupiter steam • heat rotten apples sound waves • water bacteria oxygen stars • gravity magnetic force dissolved sugar

10. Matter can be recycled. • A carbon atom in a protein molecule in your bicep muscle, used to be in a food item that you ate. • Your digestive system took the food molecules apart and used them to build you! Carbon Atom Protein Molecule You really are what you eat…

11. Where has Carbon Been? • A plant, containing sugar (made of carbon) is eaten by a panda in China. • The panda breaks down the sugar and some that carbon is breathed out at carbon dioxide (CO2). • Global winds carry this carbon around the globe and it is taken in by an apple tree in Wenatchee WA. • That tree uses this carbon to produce an apple containing sugar. • You eat this apple – and your body places this carbon into your bicep muscle. Where will it go next?

12. Glucose Carbon helps build complex molecules. • Carbon becomes more stable when it gains four more electrons; that is, when it makes four bonds.

13. Giant Sequoia Tree - Probe • Do you want to refine your answer? • What are wood and leaves made of?

14. The structure of wood and leaves Protein • Does water make up the majority of the structural matter of wood and leaves in a tree or does it run through the tree? Fat Sugar Phospholipid

15. Back to the Sequoia Tree • Where did the majority of the matter in the tree come from? • Van Helmont

16. Matter Cycles – Nitrogen • Importance of Nitrogen • Builds Proteins and DNA

17. The nitrogen cycle

18. Nitrogen Cycle • 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere is nitrogen gas (N2) • Nitrogen (N2) “stuck” in atm. • Symbiotic bacteria living in roots of beans and alders can convert N2 into a “useable form”

19. Carbon Cycle Questions • How does the carbon get into the air? • How does the carbon get into the food chain from the air? • How does carbon get from the food chain back into the air? • How do human activities add carbon to the air?

20. Nitrogen Cycle Questions