Lecture 46 - Phase Diagrams

May 30, 2013

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Review. S ? L ? G?H>0, ?S>0Clausius Clapeyron equation:SublimationTruoton's rule. ln(p2) = ln(p1) . . DHvap. R. . 1. T1. . 1. T2. . Heating Curves. . Time. T, oC. 0. 100. . . . . . Ice. . Ice Water. . Water. . Water Steam. . Steam. .

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Lecture 46 - Phase Diagrams

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Chapter 10. Chapter 10 (part 1). Introduction Solubility Limits Phases Phase Equilibrium Interpretation of Phase Diagrams Binary Isomorphous Systems (Cu-Ni) Development of Microstructure Mechanical Properties Binary Eutectic Systems

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Show the ranges of temperatures (and/or P) and composition over which phases or mixtures of phases of a compound or compounds are stable. Can also show existence of allotropes or polymorphism (solids having same composition, but different structure).

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Phase diagram: plot of pressure vs. Temperature summarizing all equilibria between phases. Given a temperature and pressure, phase diagrams tell us which phase will exist. Features of a phase diagram:

839 views • 11 slides

Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Critical temperature : temperature above which the vapor can not be liquefied. Critical pressure : pressure required to liquefy AT the critical temperature. Critical point : critical temperature and pressure (water = 374°C and 218 atm ). Phase changes by Name. Water.

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Phase Diagrams

**Phase diagrams have been excluded from the AP course. Phase Diagrams. Critical temperature : temperature above which the vapor can not be liquefied. Critical pressure : pressure required to liquefy AT the critical temperature.

379 views • 9 slides

Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Your Guide to Stability and Occurrence of Minerals. Pressure-Temperature Diagram: One Component: Water. Pressure-Temperature Diagram: One Component: Silica (SiO2). Temperature-Composition Diagrams: Complete Solid Solution. Temperature-Composition Diagrams: No Solid Solution.

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Best, Chapter 14. Gibbs Phase Rule. F = 2 + C -  F = degrees of freedom (P-T-X) C= components  = phases. Degrees of Freedom. Rule applies to a phase or assemblage Divariant indicates two degrees of freedom Univariant means one degree of freedom

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Phase Diagrams

By Katie Anderson. Phase Diagrams. Definition. Shows the relationships between the solid liquid, and vapor states. Phase Diagram of Water. Point A- triple point; where all three states are balanced. SP- sublimation point; changes from solid to gas without becoming a liquid.

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PHASE DIAGRAMS

PHASE DIAGRAMS. STUDY OF PHASE RELATIONSHIPS IMPORTANT IN KNOWING PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS MAP OF TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE AND COMPOSITION BETWEEN PHASES IN EQUILIBRIUM IN A SYSTEM GIBBS PHASE RULE P + F = C + 2 Eg: states of matter- gas, liquid and solid – single phase

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Lecture 13: Phase diagrams 2

Lecture 13: Phase diagrams 2. PHYS 430/603 material Laszlo Takacs UMBC Department of Physics. Where are we?. Binary phase diagrams tell us what the stable phases are at a given concentration and temperature. Simple but important cases:

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Reading Phase Diagrams. Describing Phase Diagrams. Phase Boundary (boundary between phases) Triple Point (when three phases co-exist) Critical Point (where the properties of two phases become indistinguishable from each other) Fusion/Melting (s  l)

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Lecture 12: Phase diagrams

Lecture 12: Phase diagrams. PHYS 430/603 material Laszlo Takacs UMBC Department of Physics. Phases and the phase rule. Phase: Uniform agglomeration of material - no boundaries inside Gibbs’ phase rule: f = n - p + 2

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. A phase is a state of matter with the following characteristics: It has the same structure or atomic arrangement throughout It has roughly the same composition and properties throughout.

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PHASE DIAGRAMS

PHASE DIAGRAMS. Phase B. Phase A. Silver atom. Copper. atom. • When we combine two elements... what equilibrium state do we get?. • In particular, if we specify... --a composition (e.g., wt%Cu - wt%Ag), and --a temperature (T). THE SOLUBILITY LIMIT.

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phase diagrams

phase diagrams. provide a simple, graphical framework for conceptualizing and analyzing semi-quantitatively complex phenomena in natural systems thermodynamically rigorous very large body of knowledge, so we will explore only one important example (not covered in the book).

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the conditions of temperature and pressure under which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, a gas, or some combination of these in equilibrium. Generalized Phase Diagram. AD = fusion curve (solid/liquid). Critical point.

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. Chapter 11. Chemical Systems. Undergo three main processes that change their energy Chemical reactions Heating/cooling Phase transitions. Phase Diagrams.

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. What is Phase?. The term ‘ phase ’ refers to a separate and identifiable state of matter in which a given substance may exist. Applicable to both crystalline and non-crystalline materials

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Phase Diagrams

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Phase Diagrams

melting / production process / alloying (strength, T m ...) heat treatment. material properties. microstructure. system (e.g. Cu-Ni). components (pure substances or compounds). phases (uniform physical/chemical characteristic). solid solution – solvent + solute

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Lecture 12: Phase diagrams

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Phase Diagrams

Phase Diagrams. By Anil Kumar Garikapati Assoc. Prof. Dept. of Mech. Engg. Phase Diagrams. Phase B. Phase A. Nickel atom. Copper atom. ISSUES TO ADDRESS. • When we combine two elements... what is the resulting equilibrium state?. • In particular, if we specify...

473 views • 38 slides

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