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Micosoft Powerpoint 95

The Islamic State of Afghanistan has no functioning government at this time, and ... Afghanistan has an ancient history dating back to 50,000 BC. ...

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Micosoft Powerpoint 95

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    1. A F G H A N I S T A N : A Religious Conflict

    by: James Kalinowski for: The Global Relations of the Many Nations ThinkQuest Competition

    2. G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n

    National capital: Kabul Internationally Recognized Leader: Burhanuddin Rabbani The Islamic State of Afghanistan has no functioning government at this time, and the country remains divided among fighting factions.

    3. G e o g r a p h y

    Total Area: 647,500 sq. km Border Countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km, Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, talc, barite, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones Climate: arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers

    4. P e o p l e

    Population: 23,738,085 Ethnic groups: Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Uzbek 6%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups (Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) Religions: Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, other 1% Languages: Pashtu 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages 4%, much bilingualism

    5. E c o n o m y

    GDP: purchasing power parity - $18.1 billion GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $800 Inflation rate - consumer price index: 240%

    6. H i s t o r y o f A f g h a n i s t a n

    Afghanistan has an ancient history dating back to 50,000 BC. Genghis Khan, Tamerlane, and Marco Polo have been involved in Afghan history. Afghanistan was once occupied by Great Britain.

    7. R e c e n t H i s t or y

    A Communist coup, backed by the Soviet Union, breaks out in 1978. The Mujahideen, the Afghan guerilla movement, defeated the Soviets. In 1994, the Taliban Movement is established.

    8. T a l i b a n

    The Taliban are led by Mullah Mohammad Omar, who started this Islamic Fundamentalist movement in 1994. The Taliban want a “Pure Islamic State.” The Taliban have declared themselves the legitimate government of Afghanistan. The Taliban have been recognized by Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The Taliban controls the predominately ethnic Pashtun areas in southern Afghanistan.

    9. G o a l s o f t h e T a l i b a n

    Restore Peace in Afghanistan: Immediate termination of all kinds of foreign interference. Resignation of Burhanuddin Rabbani. Demilitarization of Kabul. Formation of a National Security Force. Confiscation of all weapons from present armed factions. Convening an assembly of elected representatives of the Afghan people for the formation of a National Islamic Government.

    10. N o r t h e r n A l l i a n c e

    Northern Alliance factions have their stronghold at Mazar-I-Sharif. General Dostam's National Islamic Movement controls several north-central provinces. Commander Masood controls the ethnic Tajik majority areas of the northeast.

    11. T h e N e w P r o x y W a r

    On 27 September 1996, the ruling members of the Afghan Government were displaced by members of the Islamic Taliban movement. The Taliban have battled the Northern Alliance village by village, capturing 2/3 of Afghanistan.

    12. C a p t u r i n g K a b u l

    The former government, still recognized, was ousted by the Taliban. The Head of the Kabul Council is Mohammad Rabbani, second in command in the Taliban. The capital is torn because of ongoing violence. Members of the Taliban opposition in Kabul have been arrested.

    13. M o r e F i g h t i n g

    Some support from Rabbani and Masood to anti-government Islamic fighters in Tajikistan's civil war. People in Uzbekistan were fired upon during battles on the northern border. If fighting spreads, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Russia, and Iran may get involved.

    14. R e c e n t l y . . .

    Two earthquakes have severely weakened the Northern Alliance Opposition. Thousands have died and villages have been destroyed. The Taliban Road Blockade has stopped international relief efforts. Thousands of Victims have set up temporary villages.

    15. T h e P e a c e P r o c e s s

    The United States, Pakistan, and Russia have called on the Taliban to negotiate with the Northern Alliance. Many international diplomats suggest a coalition government. Former Prime Minister and Islamic Party Leader Golbuddin Hekmatyar called for free elections in December 1997.

    16. C o m p l i c a t i o n s o f P e a c e

    The Northern Alliance Opposition is opposed to peace talks held in Pakistan. Both Iran and Pakistan must be in favor of peace in Afghanistan before it may be reached. Certain Groups in the Northern Alliance are at war with each other. Question over which group should hold Afghanistan's seat at the UN.

    17. T H E E N D

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