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Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. The chordates. Five Chordate Hallmarks. Notochord – flexible rodlike structure; extending length of body. Five Chordate Hallmarks. Dorsal tubular nerve cord. Five Chordate Hallmarks. Pharyngeal pouches and gill slits. Five Chordate Hallmarks.

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Phylum Chordata

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  1. Phylum Chordata The chordates

  2. Five Chordate Hallmarks • Notochord – flexible rodlike structure; extending length of body

  3. Five Chordate Hallmarks • Dorsal tubular nerve cord

  4. Five Chordate Hallmarks • Pharyngeal pouches and gill slits

  5. Five Chordate Hallmarks • Endostyle or thyroid gland – secretes mucous that traps food particles in pharyngeal cavity

  6. Five Chordate Hallmarks • Postanal tail – tail extends beyond anus

  7. Sixth Chordate Feature • Ventral Heart – heart located ventrally

  8. Higher Classification of Chordata • Phylum Chordata • Subphylum Urochordata – tunicates, sea squirts • Subphylum Cephalachordata – lancelets • Subphlum Vertebrata- vertebrates

  9. Subphylum Urochordata Sea Squirts or Tunicates

  10. Urochordate Characteristics • Have a non-living tunic • Most chordate features found in the free living acidian larva • Adults sessile filter feeders

  11. Acidean Larva and Metamorphosis

  12. Adult Urochordate

  13. Subphylum Cephalochordata Lancelets

  14. Cephalochordate Characteristics • Notochord and nerve cord found along entire length of body, persists throughout life • Fish-like in form • Includes the lancelets (amphioxus)

  15. Amphioxus

  16. Subphylum Vertebrata The Vertebrates

  17. Vertebrate Characteristics • Bony or cartilaginous vertebrae surrounding spinal cord • Notochord only in embryonic stages, persisting in some fishes • Two superclasses according to presence of jaws

  18. Vertebrate Higher Classification • Superclass Agnatha - without jaws • Class Myxini – hagfishes • Class Cephalaspidomorphi – lampreys • Superclass Gnathostomata – with jaws • Class Chondrichthyes – sharks, rays, chimaeras • Class Actinopterygii – ray-finned fishes • Class Sarcopterygii – lobe-fin fishes • Class Amphibia – frogs, salamanders • Class Reptilia – snakes, lizards, crocodiles • Class Aves - birds • Class Mammalia - mammals

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