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Social Learning Theories of Vygotsky and Bandura

Social Learning Theories of Vygotsky and Bandura. By Mary B. Knutson. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky. Born in 1896 in the Soviet Union Educated as a lawyer and philologist (to study written records and determining authenticity and meaning) Began career as psychologist in 1917

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Social Learning Theories of Vygotsky and Bandura

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  1. Social Learning Theories of Vygotsky and Bandura By Mary B. Knutson

  2. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky • Born in 1896 in the Soviet Union • Educated as a lawyer and philologist (to study written records and determining authenticity and meaning) • Began career as psychologist in 1917 • Died of tuberculosis in 1934 • His works were finally available to U.S. in 1958

  3. Vygotsky’s Social Constructivist Theory • Emphasizes the influences of cultural and social contexts in learning • Supports a discovery model of learning • Teacher has active role • Student’s mental abilities develop naturally through paths of discovery

  4. Vygotsky’s Assumptions • Making Meaning- The community plays a central role, and people around the student greatly affect his/her worldview • Tools for Cognitive Development- including important adults to the student, culture and language • Play is very important activity for learning, as it leads to abstract thought, which later lead to higher mental functions • Learning takes place when meaningful, appropriate situations are provided

  5. Zone of Proximal Development Problem Solving Skills • This concept can enable the teacher to help the child obtain his/her optimum level. • Theoretically, the child with a larger zone of proximal development will do much better in school • Determined by those skills or tasks performed independently by the student • Those that cannot be performed even with help • Those that fall between the two extremes, the tasks that can be performed with help from others

  6. Albert Bandura • Born 1925 in Alberta, Canada • B.S. in Psychology at University of British Columbia 1949 • Ph.D. at University of Iowa in 1952, where he developed his social learning theory • Teaching psychology at Stanford University from 1953 to present • Some consider him the “father” of the cognitivist movement

  7. Bandura’s Behavior Modeling Theory • Agreed that environment causes behavior, but believed that behavior also causes environment- “reciprocal determinism” • Believed that environment, behavior and the person’s psychological processes, (including imagery and language) were interconnected and created learning • Modeling occurs when behaviors of others are observed and imitated. Reward or punishment directly influences learning

  8. Steps in the Modeling Process • Attention • Retention • Reproduction • Motivation • Self-regulation Social learning theory is the view of psychologists who emphasize behavior, environment and cognition as the key factors in development. Bandura added important psychological processes to his social cognitive theory Performance

  9. Teachers facilitate an understanding of how children and adults learn and what psychological , environmental or cognitive factors can be addressed for optimum learning Need activity-based ideas and methods which are meaningful in the context of the learner Observational learning, or modeling by the teacher or peers can affect behavior Action-oriented, problem-solving approach is used Implications for Teaching

  10. Does On-line Learning Fit? • Bandura’s learning theory includes: Interaction, modeling, observing and enacting • Distance learning may be described as isolating, self-directed, asynchronous • Faculty can facilitate learning that captures the learner’s energy, enthusiasm and curiosity while providing students with the skills to acquire new knowledge and skills. • Enhanced professional identity and modeling of behaviors can take place in a virtual community for successful learning

  11. References Personality Theories Web page retrieved 8-28-02 at http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/bandura.html Vygotsky’s Cultural/Cognitive Theory of Development Web page retrieved 8-28-03 at http://facultyweb.cortland.ed/~ANDERSMD/VYG.html Social Learning Theory Web page retrieved 8-28-02 http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/bandura.html Alexander, L.M. (2001), Social learning theory and distance education: Compatible or incompatible constructs? Perspective on Physician Assistant Education; 12(4), 267-269. Bastable, S. (2003), Nurse as Educator, Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice, 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Barlett,

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