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Characteristics and Treatment of Common Respiratory Disorders H10.03

Characteristics and Treatment of Common Respiratory Disorders H10.03. Splawn. Common Cold. Viral Contagious Spreads quickly

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Characteristics and Treatment of Common Respiratory Disorders H10.03

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  1. Characteristics and Treatment of Common Respiratory DisordersH10.03 Splawn

  2. Common Cold • Viral • Contagious • Spreads quickly • are cough, sore throat, runny nose, blocked nose, and sneezing; sometimes accompanied by pink eye', muscle aches, fatigue, malaise, headaches, muscle weakness, uncontrollable shivering, loss of appetite, and rarely extreme exhaustion

  3. Common Cold continued • Can have an indirect cause • Indirect causes include chilling, fatigue, lack of proper food, not enough sleep.

  4. Treatment of the Common Cold • Stay in bed • Drink plenty of fluids • Eat wholesome foods

  5. Laryngitis • Inflammation of the larynx, (voice box) • Hoarseness of loss of voice from cold, flu, overuse, allergies, GERD,

  6. Treatment of Laryngitis • Try to rest your voice • Add moisture to the air in your home with a humidifier or vaporizer • Drink plenty of fluids. • Don't smoke, and stay away from other people’s smoke.

  7. Sinusitis • An infection of the mucous membrane that lines the sinus cavities. • cute sinusitis usually follows a viral infection in the upper respiratory tract, but allergens (allergy-causing substances) or pollutants may also trigger acute sinusitis. • Symptoms are pain and nasal discharge

  8. Sinusitis Treatment • Drink plenty of fluids • Humidifier • Expectorant • Pain reliever • Possibly need an antibiotic

  9. Bronchitis • Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the trachea and the bronchial tubes which produces excessive mucus • Often follows URI • May be acute or chronic • Cough, fever, substernal pain, rales (a raspy congestion)

  10. Chronic Bronchitis • Middle or older age • Smoking is the most common cause • Persistent cough • Large amounts of sputum

  11. Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis • Treatment is symptomatic • Patient must stop smoking

  12. Influenza • Viral infection causing inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory system • Accompanied by fever, nasal discharge, muscular pain, and extreme exhaustion • Complications-pneumonia, ear infection, pleurisy may follow

  13. Pneumonia • Infection of the lung • Viral or bacterial • The alveoli become filled with a thick fluid called exudate which contains pus and red blood cells • s/s=chest pain, fever, chills, dyspnea

  14. Right lower lobe pneumonia

  15. Treatment of Pneumonia • Oxygen as needed • Antibiotics

  16. Tuberculosis • Infectious bacterial lung disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis • Tubercles (lesions) form in the lung • S/S=cough, low grade fever in afternoon, weight loss, night sweats

  17. TB • Mantoux skin test • Treatment is with antibiotic

  18. Asthma • Airway obstructed due to an inflammatory response to a stimuli or stress • Symptoms include difficulty exhaling, dyspnea, wheezing, and tightness in the chest

  19. Treatment of Asthma • Anti-inflammatory drugs • Inhaled bronchodilator

  20. Emphysema • Alveoli become over-dilated, lose their elasticity and cannot rebound. • They may eventually rupture • Air cannot escape…trapped • Difficult to exhale • Reduced exchange of O2 and CO2 • Dyspnea increases as disease progresses

  21. Lung with emphysema

  22. Treatment of emphysema • Alleviate symptoms as much as possible • Reduce exposure to respiratory irritants • Stop smoking • Prevent infections • Restructure their activity to minimize their need for oxygen

  23. Terminology • Apnea – periods without breath • Dyspnea – difficulty breathing • Tachypnea – rapid breathing

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