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The Northern Renaissance. The Renaissance Spreads North from Italy (1450 – 1600). Donatello (Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi) (1386 – December 13, 1466). 1425 – 1430. Leonardo da Vinci (1452 – 1519). 1495 – 1498 15 ft. X 29 ft. 1504 - 1506. Raphael Sanzio (1483 – 1520).
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The Northern Renaissance The Renaissance Spreads North from Italy (1450 – 1600)
Donatello (Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi) (1386 – December 13, 1466) 1425 – 1430
Leonardo da Vinci (1452 – 1519) 1495 – 1498 15 ft. X 29 ft. 1504 - 1506
RaphaelSanzio (1483 – 1520) The School of Athens (1509-1510) Madonna and Child With Book (1504)
MichelangeloBuonarroti (1475 – 1564) David (1501 – 1504) Sistine Chapel (1508 – 1512)
SofonisbaAnguissola(1532 – 1625) King Philip II of Spain (1558)
The Northern Renaissance Begins • 1450 – Population begins to grow in N. Eur. And trade increases again. Like in Italy, many merchants began to sponsor artists. • England and France had strong monarchs. Francis I invited da Vinci to retire in France and hired Italian artists to redecorate his palace at Fontainebleau and it became a showcase for Renaissance art. • Northern humanists were inspired to develop plans for social reform based on Judeo-Christian values.
German Painters • Albrecht Durer – studied in Italy (1494) & produced woodcuts and engravings • Hans Holbein the Younger – portrait painting; painted King Henry VIII of England
Flemish Painters • Flanders (N. Eur. – Sp. Netherlands) • Jan van Eyck – specialized in realistic oil painting • Pieter Bruegel– everyday peasant life; weddings, dances, harvests; often large numbers of people Peasant Wedding (1568)
Northern Writers urge Reform • Christian Humanism – the failure of the church to teach people to live as Christians • Thomas More – Utopia (1516) – “no place” a land where greed and corruption didn’t exist
The Elizabethan Age (1558-1603) • Mid-1500s – Renaissance spread to England • Queen Elizabeth I of England – very educated – spoke 5 languages, music, and poetry • Did much to develop English art and literature
William Shakespeare (1565 -1616) • Greatest playwright of all time? • By 1592 lived in London; Globe Theater • Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, and Macbeth • Wrote in the vernacular. • He influences culture today b/c he is entertaining, had interesting themes, and has inspired many movies.
Printing Press Spreads Renaissance Ideas • Johann Gutenberg (1440) – Mainz, Germany • 13th Century – block print items reached Eur. from China • 1 book =5 mo. by hand copyist • 500 books = 5 mo. by press and one man • Gutenberg Bible (1455)