The Northern Renaissance

1. The Northern Renaissance Chapter 17 Section 2

2. VOCAB • Utopia • William Shakespeare • Johann Gutenberg

3. The Northern Renaissance Begins • Setting the Stage: • 1450 Northern Europe’s population on the rise after the bubonic plague • In Italy wealthy merchants patron artists; in England and France powerful monarchs did the same • Leonardo Di Vinci was invited to retire in France to help spread the Renaissance movement • Northern Renaissance artists focused on realism and would use the spirit of the Renaissance to reform society • Based on Judeo-Christian values

4. Northern Renaissance Artists Use Realism: • Flemish Painters: • Artistic capital of N.R. • Artists like Jan van Eyck and Pieter Bruegel use oil paints to depict “peasant life” • Use of realism gives art of the Renaissance new direction

5. Northern Writers Try to Reform Society • Italian humanists focused on reviving the classical languages • People used this to re-examine the teachings of the Church • People became critical of the church for not inspiring people to live a Christian life. • Christian Humanists: • Goal to reform society • Promoted education of women and founded schools attended by both boys and girls

6. Christian Humanists Desiderius Erasmus Thomas More 1509- The Praise of Folly -poked fun at wealthy merchants and greedy priests -Believed in Christianity of the Heart; no ceremonies -To improve society people must study the Bible 1516 - Utopia In Greek “no place” Land where greed, corruption, and war no longer exist People in Utopia had little need for money (read excerpt) “Gold and silver, of which money is made, are so treated…that no one values them more highly than their true nature deserves. Who does not see that they are far inferior to iron in usefulness since without iron mortals cannot live and more without fire and water? – Thomas More “Utopia”

7. The Elizabethan Age • Renaissance spreads to England in the 1500s • Queen Elizabeth I • (1558- 1603) • Well Educated; spoke French, Italian, Latin, and Greek • Wrote poetry and music • Greatly supported the development of English art and literature….

8. William Shakespeare • Most famous writer of the Elizabethan Age • Greatest playwright of all time • Shakespeare’s plays demonstrate a mastery of the English language and of human nature • Most of his plays focus on human flaw • Famous works: • Tragedies: Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, Romeo and Juliet • Comedies: A midsummer Nights Dream, The Taming of the Shrew

9. Shakespeare’s Popularity

10. Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideals • Gutenberg Improves the Printing Process: • 13th Century printing blocks reach Europe from China but too slow to create books • 1440 Gutenberg (craftsmen from Germany) • Invents movable printing press • Produce large amounts of pages quickly.

11. Renaissance Legacy