Gender focused service provision and its impact

1. Gender focused service provision and its impact IPMS Goma experience By Yisehak Baredo

2. Map of Goma

3. Fact files of Goma Location : 389 km south west of Addis Jima zone Oromya region Area 962 KM Agro-ecology Wet Woina Dega 96% Wet Kola 4% Wet Dega ---% Rainfall Min.1791mm Max. 2021mm Temp Min.13 mm Max. 21mm

4. Population 247,326 (49% women) Farming HH 45,567 Female headed farming HH 10,034 36 PAs 2 Coffee state farms

5. Approaches IPMS used a district level participatory market oriented commodity identification and development planning approach, aimed at identifying • Main farming systems, • Potential marketable commodities and livestock commodities by farming system, • Problems, potentials and interventions for each value chain component • Value chain stakeholder assessment with potential (new) roles and linkages.

6. IPMS’s philosophy in rural development Commodity Value Chain development approach • Productivity and production • New technologies • New approaches • New practices • Skill and knowledge • Inputs supply component for the specific commodity • What inputs are needed • How could the inputs easily be available • Constraints from input providers side • Capacity building for input suppliers (skill, knowledge, financial) • Linking producers and inputs suppliers

7. Financing the rural to acquire technologies and inputs • Linking to markets • Targeting female farmers • Female farmers are given special attention • Either putting as one of the criteria to engage more women • Or influencing target farmers

8. FS and Priority Commodities Identified Farming systems Coffee livestock complex Crop livestock complex Priority Commodities Coffee Apiculture Fruits Fattening of both small and large ruminants Poultry Dairy***

9. Achievements Small ruminants fattening Fattening is not a new practice but tow critical constraints identified were: • Elongated fattening period in most cases 6 months or more • Death accident of fattening animals which exposes target farmers to loss of assets and/or indebtedness in case the fattening animal is bought through credit.

10. Gender focused targeting in Kilole PA • Total target was 120 • One to one male to female ratio was expected • More than 5 consecutive meetings were held to realize more female • In the first awareness development meeting out 150 farmers who turned up only 8 were female • Male farmers were very reluctant to allow female to take a lead • Male suggested that female farmers could have training but should not sign for credit and collect the cash by their own.

11. When they understand the firm stand of facilitators towards female participation the mood of male farmers changed by saying • “Let our wives sign for the loan and get the money as you suggest but we will see from where you can get your money back” • However, after intense effort 50 female farmers appeared • But 12 slipped due to various pressure and 38 female farmers become member

12. Services provided 1. Training on fattening technique was provided to all female farmers

13. 2. Credit amounting 1500.ETB was provided to each And the loan was expected to cover cost of buying 5 sheep, concentrate enough for 3 months, drugs, and community based insurance premium for each farmer

14. 3. Provision of Bonga Breed • 3 female and one male fast growing Bonga breed were provided to one female and one male model farmers. • The purpose is to develop sustainable lamb supply for fattening group

15. Assessment result of performance 1.Out of 120 farmers the top two in fattening performance were found to be female farmers W/ro Misku Hadha Faris

16. 2. Compliance to fattening programe Out of 120 target farmers • Only 49 percent of the target farmers managed to buy 5 sheep as recommended, • 34% of target farmers bought 4 sheep, • 12% bought 3 sheep . • Three farmers completely waved the loan to other livestock schemes such as ox and goats • Other three farmers consumed the total loan to address some other social problems. • However, none of the 38 female target farmers violated the consumption of loan.

17. 3. Compliance to community based livestock by laws A reluctant husband was to kill a sick sheep before reporting to community based livestock insurance His wife who signed for loan resisted the killing and as the result managed to secure insurance for her sheep

18. 4.Repayment status in Kilole PA

19. Fruits developmentand gender focused service • Goma farmers are used to produce some tropical fruits production • However planting materials were from unknown sources Constraints identified were • Elongated fruits setting time (7 to 12 years) • Poor quality and low yield • Total failure to set fruits • Disease and pests • Female farmers less access to benefit

20. Proposed interventions were • Characterization of the existing tropical fruit tress so that certain action could be taken to improve its productivity • Introducing improved varieties which has shorter fruit setting time with better quality and productivity • However due to various reasons only the second option was acted

21. Strategies adopted • Introducing improved planting materials from known sources • Making the input supply system inbuilt and sustainable • Effecting gender equity so that female farmers could benefit from tropical fruits production

22. 6 model farmers (3 f,3m) were selected • Experience sharing tour was made to develop awareness on improved tropical fruits production • Tools like fruits cutting knife and seizures were provided • Hands on training on grafting techniques was conducted on model farmers field • Mother trees were established to serve as scion source

23. Income generated by by selling grafted tropical fruits

24. Impact on livelihood and vision of target female farmers • Some of female farmers started building assets which they never had • Fozia bout 0.4 ha coffee plot • Kedije bout heifer • Misku bout better yield Boran breed cow • All the female farmers witness that the intervention helped the in improving hh food security

25. W/ro Misku • Sent her daughter to technical school covering school fee, house rent and food • She also improved house hold items such as gust seats (ETB 1500) which she never had • Bought a wooden box to keep her belongings which her husband is proud of

26. W/ro Shito • Managed to change the relation with her husband which was not good in her earlier time because of her less or no cash contribution • She got much reorganization from her husband because of skill and knowledge in tropical fruits grafting which he had not

27. W/ro Misku’s vision change • She witness that her earlier vision was to see her family having enough meal Now • She wants to see all her daughters and sons got higher education and employed • Have a hand dug well with hand pump fixed to easy her water fetching load (This month she got her hand dug well but pump not yet)

28. W/ro Kedija • Her husband was secretary for village cooperative office but since the last 10 years no job • She has 15m X 35 m plots only • Her only income source was pet-itrade • She witness that she hassled a lot to have daily meal • Now she secured household food need and bought a heifer

29. Thank You