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EXPLORING AND CLASSIFYING LIFE- Chapt 1

This chapter introduces the concept of science as an organized way of studying and finding answers, covering the branches of life, Earth, and physical science. It explores the scientific method, scientific theories and laws, measurements, scientific tools, and the international system of units. The chapter also discusses living things, cells, homeostasis, the origins of life, and the classification of living organisms.

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EXPLORING AND CLASSIFYING LIFE- Chapt 1

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  1. EXPLORING AND CLASSIFYING LIFE- Chapt 1 Science- Science is an organized way of studying things and finding answers to questions Branches of science- Life, Earth and Physical science

  2. Branches of Science • Life Science- the study of living things • Earth Science- the study of Earth,itys landforms, rocks, soil, and forces that shape the Earth’s surface. • Physical Science- The study of chemistry and physics.

  3. The scientific method • 1. State the problem • 2. gather research • 3. form hypothesis • 4. experiment • 5. analyze data • 6. draw conclusions- valid or invalid

  4. SCIENTIFIC THEORY- an explanation of observations or events based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations. SCIENTIFIC LAW- describes a pattern or an event in nature that is always true.

  5. Measurement • Precision- describes how similar or close measurements are to each other. • Accuracy- how close a measurement is to an accepted value. • Significant digits- communicate the precision of the tools used to make measurements. Tools scientists use: journals, microscopes, balance, computers, magnifying lenses, dissecting tools, etc.

  6. Control- the standard to which the outcome of a test is compared. • Variable- something in a experiment that can be changed. * The number of variables that should be changed during an experiment is one. • Constant- factors in an experiment that stay the same.

  7. The international System of Units(SI)Common SI measurements • Length- millimeter, centimeter, meter, kilometer • Volume- Milliliter, liter • Mass- gram, kilogram, tonne

  8. Scientific tools • Microscopes • Computers • Triple beam balance • Thermometers • Glassware • Dissecting tools

  9. UNIT 1 CLASSIFYING AND EXPLORING LIFE

  10. Living Things • Organism – any living thing • Cell- smallest unit of an organism that carries out the functions of life Living things : Are organized Respond Use energy Grow and develop Reproduce * Anything that causes some change in an organism is called stimulus

  11. Cells can be: • Multicellular- living things made of two or more cells • Unicellular- Living things with only ONE cell

  12. Living things need: • A place to live • Raw materials such as water and food Homeostasis- regulation of an organisms internal, life-maintaining conditions For example- the amount of water that goes out must be the same as the amount of water that comes in. This is an example of REGULATION. All of the interactions that take place during an organisms life are called development.

  13. Where does life come from? • Spontaneous generation- the idea that living things come from non-living things When scientists tested this theory, the theory changed. • Biogenesis- the theory that living things come only from other living things

  14. Life’s origins Oparins hypothesis- Alexander I. Oparin suggested that the Earh’s atmosphere had no oxygen but was made of Amonia, hydrogen, methane and water vapor. He stated these gases combined to form complex compounds found in living things The Miller- Urey experiment did not prove that Oparin’s theory was correct

  15. How are living things classified? CarolusLinneaus- swedish naturalist, developed a system of classification Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Chordata Class-Mammalia Order- Cetacea Family- Delphinidae Genus-Tursiops Species- Tursiopstruncatus

  16. CLASSIFICATION

  17. Binomial Nomenclature- The system used by modern scientists to name organisms • Genus- a group of similar species • Species- a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring. • Field guides and dichotomous keys are used to identify organisms

  18. Dichotomous Key

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