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Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt

Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt Hydrate: an ionic solid with water associated with the molecule. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt Hydrate: an ionic solid with water associated with the molecule

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Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt

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  1. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt Hydrate: an ionic solid with water associated with the molecule

  2. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt Hydrate: an ionic solid with water associated with the molecule e.g. copper (II) sulfate hexahydrate = CuSO4.6H2O

  3. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt Hydrate: an ionic solid with water associated with the molecule e.g. copper (II) sulfate hexahydrate = CuSO4.6H2O Anhydrous: an ionic solid without any water associated e.g. anhydrous copper (II) sulfate = CuSO4

  4. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt The number of water molecules associated with the salt is determined by i. finding the mass of water H2O mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass

  5. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt The number of water molecules associated with the salt is determined by i. finding the mass of water H2O mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass ii. finding the ratio of water to salt amount = mass ÷ lowest moles molar mass

  6. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt The number of water molecules associated with the salt is determined by i. finding the mass of water H2O mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass ii. finding the ratio of water to salt amount = mass ÷ lowest moles molar mass iii. multiplying the water by the ratio

  7. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate.

  8. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate. G: mass of MgSO4.H2O = 5.742 g M.M. MgSO4 mass of MgSO4 = 2.801 g Mg = 1 x 24.3g =24.3 g S = 1 x 32.1g =32.1 g U: Molecular Formula (MF) O = 4 x 16.0g =64.0 g =120.4 g M.M. H2O H = 2 x 1.01g =2.02 g O = 1 x 16.0g =16.0 g =18.0 g

  9. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate. G: mass of MgSO4.H2O = 5.742 g mass of MgSO4 = 2.801 g U: Molecular Formula (MF) S: subtract mass ÷ smallest anhydrous MM moles x ratio hydrate  water  molar  hydrate mass mass ratio formula

  10. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate. S: water mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass = 5.742 g - 2.801 g = 2.941 g

  11. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate. S: water mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass = 5.742 g - 2.801 g = 2.941 g MgSO4 = 2.801 g = 0.0233 mol amount H2O = 2.941 g = 0.163 mol amount

  12. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate. S: water mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass = 5.742 g - 2.801 g = 2.941 g MgSO4 = 2.801 g = 0.0233 mol = 1 amount 0.0233 mol H2O = 2.941 g = 0.163 mol = 7 amount 0.0233 mol

  13. Highland Science Department Determining the Formula of a Hydrated Salt e.g. When 5.742 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (epsom salts) is heated until all the water has been released, 2.801 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate remains. Find the formula of the hydrate. S: water mass = hydrate mass - anhydrous mass = 5.742 g - 2.801 g = 2.941 g MgSO4 = 2.801 g = 0.0233 mol = 1 amount 0.0233 mol H2O = 2.941 g = 0.163 mol = 7 amount 0.0233 mol the formula of hydrated magnesium sulfate is MgSO4.7H2O

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