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Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the Predictive Model

This workshop focuses on updating the EMFAC99 vs EMFAC7g test program, CO credit, in-use fuel properties for 1998, and draft specifications for cleaner fuel formulations. Discussing the off-cycle adjustments, impact on emissions, and the advanced technology vehicles test program.

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Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the Predictive Model

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  1. Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the Predictive Model September 28, 1999 Sacramento, CA

  2. Agenda • Goals • Test Program - Update • EMFAC99 -vs- EMFAC7g - Progress Report • Off-Cycle • Off-Road • CO Credit • In-Use Fuel Properties for 1998 • Draft Specifications • CaRBOB • Other Presentations? • Autos • Oils • Oxygenate • Others • Next Meeting

  3. Goals • Provide Flexibility, for removing MTBE while preserving real-world benefits • Obtain additional reductions that are technically and economically reasonable

  4. Advanced Technology Vehicles Test Program • 5 Fuels • Sulfur Levels - 5, 30 , 100 • Oxygen Levels - 0%, 2%, 3.5% • Update Technology Group 5 Coefficients • Update on Progress

  5. Off-Cycle Adjustments • Only one study compared two oxygen levels (2%, 3.5%) on FTP and Rep05 - ARB Ethanol Test Program. • Increase CO reduction • Increase NOx increase

  6. Off-Road • 4-Stroke and 2-Stroke • Tend to Run Rich • Oxygen tends to lean-out process • Oxygen increases NOx • No Catalytic Converter • Implies NOx increase difficult to offset. • No sulfur effect • Uncontrolled for Evaporative Emissions • Increased Emissions • Emissions tend to have higher reactivities • Increased toxics (benzene) emissions

  7. Off-Road • Very thin on data on 2% to 3.5% oxygen • 4 4-stroke engines • 4 2-stroke engines • Highly variable exhaust responses • NOx: 2.9 to 39.2 % • CO: -1.3 to -32.1 % • HC: 0.7 to -14.5 % • EPA Off-road Diurnal Evaporative Emissions Model

  8. Off-Road • No apparent benefit from off-road evaluation • Diurnal emission increase larger than on-road • Reactivity from SHED diurnal evaporative emissions test - 2.8 • Diurnal emissions reactivity larger than on-road • Apparent NOx increase • Work in progress.

  9. Carbon Monoxide Credit • 3 Technology Groups • 5 Studies - Auto/Oil 1, 4, 6, 17, and ARB Ethanol Study • Only ARB Ethanol Study Directly Compared Fuels • Off-cycle Emissions • 5 Studies - ARB Ethanol, Auto/Oil, ATL Low Oxygen, and Colorado Study (???) • U.S. EPA Draft Report - Fuel Oxygen Effects on Exhaust CO Emissions - MOBILE6 • Approximately 0.2 RVP Credit for increasing oxygen from 2% to 3.5%

  10. Adjustments to CO Debit for Less than 2% Oxygen • US EPA - Fuel Sulfur Effects on Exhaust Emissions. • Unocal - Regression Equations (Phase 2 Staff Report).

  11. In-Use Fuels

  12. Goals • Provide Flexibility, for removing MTBE while preserving real-world benefits • Obtain additional reductions that are technically and economically reasonable

  13. Draft Specifications

  14. Draft Specifications * - No Change, NA - Not Applicable

  15. CaRBOB • Tom Jennings, ARB Legal • Others

  16. Presentations by Others? • Autos • Oils • Oxygenates • Others

  17. Next Business • Other business • Next Meeting • Posting Next Beta Model on Website

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