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CO 2 capture with sodium carbonate

CO 2 capture with sodium carbonate. Hanna Knuutila and Hallvard F. Svendsen Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim, NORWAY. Outline. Introduction Modeling Case study: Power plants with sodium carbonate based CO 2 capture prosess Experimental work VLE

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CO 2 capture with sodium carbonate

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  1. CO2 capture with sodium carbonate Hanna Knuutila and Hallvard F. Svendsen Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim, NORWAY

  2. Outline • Introduction • Modeling • Case study: Power plants with sodium carbonate based CO2 capture prosess • Experimental work • VLE • Test with Pilot-plant • Kinetic • Solubility • Conclusions • Future work

  3. Introduction • Why carbonate chemicals? • Environmentally friendly chemicals • Potentially low energy consumption • Already used in power plants for SOx removal • Why slurry systems? • High concentrations of carbonate • Minimization of energy consumption • Possibility to improve the absorption process

  4. Solubilities of carbonates

  5. Case study: Power plants with sodium carbonate based CO2 capture

  6. CO2 capture plant • Chemical absorption plant with sodium carbonate • Limited solubility of both carbonate and bicarbonate  the system works in slurry phase • Modeling (ChemCAD) • Kinetics not taken into account • Equilibrium between inlet gas and outlet liquid is assumed to be obtained at the bottom of the absorber • Only solid phases taken into account are sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate

  7. Results

  8. Effect of stripping pressure

  9. Power plants Condensing power plant (CP) Combined heat and power plant (CHP)

  10. Power plants • CO2 removal efficiency is 90 % • Steam of 5 Bar was used as heat source for the CO2 stripper • Condensate returning to the power plant from the stripper was preheated and fed to the feed water tank. • “Waste heat” from the CO2 capture plant was used in the power plant to preheat the feed water or/and produce district heat • Sea water was assumed to be available for cooling

  11. Results

  12. CHP-1 + CO2 capture

  13. CHP-1 + CO2 capture

  14. Pilot tests

  15. Lab-scale pilot plant

  16. Pilot tests with Na2CO3-solution

  17. Results • The absorption was nearly isothermal • The absorption rate was low • There was a strong dependency on temperature for CO2 absorption • the absolute difference in absorption rates was quite small due to the small absorption rate in the beginning. • Operationally the sodium carbonate-bicarbonate system behaved very well

  18. VLE measurements

  19. Low temperature VLE apparatur

  20. Results

  21. Kinetics of carbonate systems

  22. String of discs

  23. 10-20 wt-% Na2CO3

  24. Solubility of CO2 in Na2CO3 solutions

  25. N2O solubility apparatus

  26. 10 wt-% Na2CO3

  27. Conclusions • The behavior of carbonate systems is very different to amine systems • The problems with carbonate systems are different compared to amines • There is potential in the carbonate based systems but new processes are needed to make them competitive with amine systems

  28. Future work • Experimental • Screening tests with slurry based systems • VLSE measurements with promoted and non-promoted carbonate systems • Modeling • VLSE models for slurry systems • Modeling of the CO2 capture plant using results of lab scale pilot plant

  29. THANK YOU!

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