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Understanding Faith in Allah - Pillars and Beliefs

Explore the six pillars of faith in Islam, including belief in Allah, His Angels, Divine Books, Messengers, The Last Day, and Destiny. Understand the essence of monotheism, divine attributes, and the Quranic and Sunnah proofs. Dive deep into the oneness and divinity of Allah!

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Understanding Faith in Allah - Pillars and Beliefs

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  1. Lesson 8 Faith in Allah

  2. Pillars of Faith • The pillars of faith are six. Belief in: • Allah • His Angels • The Divine Books • His Messengers and Prophets • The Last Day • Destiny whether good or evil.

  3. Belief in Allah: • Belief in Allah is the belief in His Existence, His Oneness and Uniqueness, His Sole Godhood (Rububiyyah) and Divinity.

  4. The Existence of Allah • The Existence of Allah is a self-evident truth, since nothing exists without having someone putting it to existence and order.

  5. The oneness of Allah • The Oneness of Allah is a rational truth, proved by the unity of the universe and its laws. The existence of various gods indicates non-unity in the system of the universe. Belief in the Oneness of Allah stipulates belief in the Oneness of His Soul, Attributes, and Deeds.

  6. The oneness of Allah • The oneness of Allah entails the belief in: • The uniqueness of Self • The uniqueness of Attributes • The uniqueness of Deeds

  7. The Sole Godhood of Allah • The total sovereignty of Allah over the universe with all its creatures, provisions, and systems postulates the unity of Godhood and negates it from anyone other than Allah

  8. The Divinity of Allah • The Divinity of Allah means the bondage of all creatures to Allah, the One. It is an involuntary bondage of all living creatures and things, while it is deliberately chosen by believers, as shown in their obedience to Allah in faith, behavior, and actions.

  9. The Monotheism of Allah • The Monotheism of Allah requires submission to Him Alone in all the laws He sent down. This does not confine human freedom to codify and legislate issues not tackled by a Divine text or any guidance of Allah and His Messenger. Human legislation should not contradict the general goals of Islamic laws, Qur’anic text, authentic tradition in Sunnah, or any ruling based on any of these.

  10. The Attributes of Allah • The Attributes of Allah as displayed in the Qur’an and Sunnah should be understood according to the rules of the Arabic language, without additions or denial, without arguing what is beyond human understanding or transcending the human tangible capabilities to grasp these Attributes.

  11. Proofs from • Qur’an and Sunnah

  12. The pillars of faith: • Allah says: • ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا آمِنُوا بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَالْكتَابِ الَّذِى نَزَّلَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ مِن قَبْلُ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلالاً بَعِيداً﴾ • [النساء :136]

  13. This means: • “O you who believe! Believe in Allah, and His Messenger (Muhammad SAW), and the Book (the Qur'an) which He has sent down to His Messenger, and the Scripture which He sent down to those before (him), and whosoever disbelieves in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, and the Last Day, then indeed he has strayed far away.” • (Surah An-Nisa’: 136)

  14. Allah also says: • ﴿وَلَكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ واَلْمَلائِكَةِ واَلْكِتَابِ واَلنَّبِيِّينَ﴾[البقرة: 177]

  15. This means: • “But Al-Birr is (the quality of) the one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the Angels, the Book, the Prophets.” • (Surah Al-Baqarah: 177)

  16. Abu-Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: • “One day while Allah’s Prophet was sitting with the people, a man came to him walking and said, ‘O Allah's Prophet. What is faith?’ The Prophet said, ‘Faith is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Prophets, and the meeting with Him, and to believe in the Resurrection.’” (Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

  17. Faith in Allah:The Oneness of Allah: • Allah says: • ﴿لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلاَّ اللهُ لَفَسَدَتَا فَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ رَبِّ الْعَرْشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ﴾[الأنبياء :22]

  18. This means: • “Had there been therein (in the heavens and the earth) gods besides Allah, then verily both would have been ruined. Glorified be Allah, the Lord of the Throne, (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!” • (Surah Al-Anbiya’: 22)

  19. Allah also says: • ﴿قُل لَّوْ كَانَ مَعَهُ آلِهَةٌ كَمَا يَقَولُونَ إِذًا لاَّبْتَغَوْا إِلَى ذِى الْعَرْشِ سَبِيلاً*سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يَقُولُونَ عُلُوًّا كَبِيراً﴾[الإسراء:43،42]

  20. This means: • “Say (O Muhammad SAW to these polytheists, pagans, etc.): If there had been other aliha (gods) along with Him as they assert, then they would certainly have sought out a way to the Lord of the Throne. Glorified and High be He! from (the great falsehood) that they say! (i.e.forged statements that there are other gods along with Allah, but He is Allah, the One, the Self-Sufficient Master, whom all creatures need. He begets not, nor was He begotten, and there is none comparable or coequal unto Him).” • (Surah Al-Isra’: 42 - 43)

  21. And: • ﴿مَا اتَّخَذَ اللهُ مِن وَلَدٍ وَمَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ إِلَهٍ إِذًا لَّذَهَبَ كُلُّ إِلَهٍ بِمَا خَلَقَ وَلَعَلا بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ﴾[المؤمنون:91]

  22. This means: • “No son (or offspring or children) did Allah beget, nor is there any ilah (god) along with Him; (if there had been many gods), behold, each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to overcome others! Glorified be Allah above all that they attribute to Him!” (Surah Al-Mu’minun: 91)

  23. In the verse: • ﴿شَهِدَ اللهُ أَنَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ وَأُوْلُوا الْعِلْمِ قَائِمًا بِالْقِسْطِ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ﴾[آل عمران: 18]

  24. “Allah bears witness that La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), and the angels, and those having knowledge (also give this witness); (He is always) maintaining His creation in Justice. La ilah illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.” • (Surah Al-`Imran: 18)

  25. There are other verses in the Holy Qur’an, the enlightening book of monotheism.

  26. The Sole Godhood of Allah: • Allah says: • ﴿ فَإِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لِّىِ إِلاَّ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِين*الَّذِى خَلَقَنِى فَهُوَ يَهْدِينِ* وَالَّذِى هُو يُطْعِمُنِى وَيَسْقِينِ* وَإِذَا مَرِضْتُ فَهُوَ يَشْفِينِ*وَالَّذِى يُمِيتُنِى ثُمَّ يُحْيِينِ ﴾[الشعراء:77-81]

  27. This means: • “Verily! They are enemies to me, save the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists); Who has created me, and it is He Who guides me; And it is He Who feeds me and gives me to drink. And when I am ill, it is He who cures me; And Who will cause me to die, and then will bring me to life (again).” • (Surah Ash-Shu`ara’: 77 - 81)

  28. Allah also says: • ﴿ قُلْ مَن يَرْزُقُكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ أَمَّن يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ والأّبْصَارَ وَمَن يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَىِّ ومَن يُدَبِّرُ الأَمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلاَ تَتَّقُونَ فَذَلِكُمُ اللهُ رَبُّكُمُ الْحَقُّ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلاَّ الضَّلالُ فَأَنَّى تُصْرَفُونَ ﴾[يونس: 31،32]

  29. This means: • “Say (O Muhammad SAW): "Who provides for you from the sky and from the earth? Or who owns hearing and sight? And who brings out the living from the dead and brings out the dead from the living? And who disposes the affairs?" They will say: "Allah." Say: "Will you not then be afraid of Allah's Punishment (for setting up rivals in worship with Allah)?'' Such is Allah, your Lord in truth. So after the truth, what else can there be, save error? How then are you turned away?” (Surah Yunus: 31 - 32)

  30. And: • ﴿ قُل لِّمَنِ الأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهَا إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ* سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ قُلْ أَفَلاَ تَذَكَّرُونَ ﴾[المؤمنون : 85،84]

  31. This means: • ''Say: “Whose is the earth and whosoever is therein? If you know!'' They will say: "It is Allah's!" Say: "Will you not then remember?"” • (Surah Al-Mu’minun: 84 - 85)

  32. Allah says: • ﴿قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَن تَشَاءُ وَتَنـْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّن تَشَاءُ وَتُعزُّ مَن تَشَاءُ وَتُذِلُّ مَن تَشَاءُ بِيَدِكَ الْخَيْرُ إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ*تُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ وَتُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَتُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وتُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَىِّ وَتَرْزُقُ مَن تَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ﴾[آل عمران: 27،26]

  33. “Say (O Muhammad): "O Allah! Possessor of the kingdom, You give the kingdom to whom You will, and You take the kingdom from whom You will, and You endue with honor whom You will, and You humiliate whom You will. In Your Hand is the good. Verily, You are Able to do all things. You make the night to enter into the daytime, and You make the daytime to enter into the night. You bring the living out of the dead, and You bring the dead out of the living. And You give wealth and sustenance to whom You will, without limit (measure or account).''” (Surah Al-`Imran: 26 - 27)

  34. And: • ﴿قُلْ أُعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ ﴾[الناس: 1]

  35. This means: • “Say: "I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of mankind.''” • (Surah An-Nas: 1)

  36. And lastly: • ﴿الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴾[الفاتحة :2]

  37. This means: • “All the praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists).” • (Surah Al-Fatihah: 2)

  38. The bondage of all creatures to Allah: • Allah says: • ﴿وَلِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَن فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَظِلالُهُم بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالآصَالِ ﴾[الرعد: 15]

  39. This means: • “And unto Allah (Alone) falls in prostration whoever is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and so do their shadows in the mornings and in the afternoons.” • (Surah Ar-Ra`d: 15)

  40. Allah also says: • ﴿ أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللهَ يَسْجُدُ لَهُ مَنِ فِي السَّمواتِ وَمَن فِي الأَرْضِ وَالشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ وَالنُّجُومُ وَالْجِبَالُ وَالشَّجَرُ وَالدَّوَابُّ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنَ النَّاسِ وَكَثِيرٌ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِ الْعَذَابُ وَمَن يُهِنِ اللهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِن مُّكْرِمٍ إِنَّ اللهَ يَفْعَلُ مَا يَشاءُ ﴾[الحج: 18]

  41. “See you not that to Allah prostrates whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and Ad-Dawab (moving living creatures, beasts, etc.), and many of mankind? But there are many (men) on whom the punishment is justified. And whomsoever Allah disgraces, none can honor him. Verily! Allah does what He wills.” (Surah Al-Hajj: 18)

  42. And: • ﴿تُسَبِّحُ لَهُ السَّمَوَات السَّبْعُ وَالأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّ وَإِن مِّن شَيْءٍ إِلاَّ يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَلَكِن لاَّ تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُوراً ﴾[الإسراء: 44]

  43. This means: • “The seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein, glorify Him and there is not a thing but glorifies His Praise. But you understand not their glorification. Truly, He is Ever Forbearing, Oft-Forgiving.” (Surah Al-Isra’: 44)

  44. And: • ﴿وَمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ والإِنسَ إِلاَّ لِيَعْبُدُون ﴾[الذاريات: 56]

  45. This means: • “And I (Allah) created not the jinns and humans except they should worship Me (Alone)” • (Surah Adh-Dhariyat: 56)

  46. And: • ﴿وَاعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَلا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ﴾[النساء: 36]

  47. This means: • “Worship Allah and join none with Him in worship.” • (Surah An-Nisa’: 36)

  48. And there are so many other similar verses in the Qur’an.

  49. Narrated Mu'adh: • I was a companion rider of the Prophet (PBUH) on a donkey called 'Ufair. The Prophet asked, "O Mu'adh! Do you know what Allah's right on His slaves is, and what the right of His slaves on Him is?" I replied, "Allah and His Apostle know better." He said, "Allah's right on His slaves is that they should worship Him (Alone) and should not worship any besides Him. And slave's right on Allah is that He should not punish him who worships none besides Him." I said, "O Allah's Apostle! Should I not inform the people of this good news?" He said, "Do not inform them of it, lest they should depend on it (absolutely)." • (Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

  50. Applying the legislation of Allah: • Allah says: • ﴿ وأن احكم بينهم بما أنزل الله ولا تتبع أهواءهم واحذرهم أن يفتنوك عن بعض ما أنزل الله إليك فإن تَوَلَّوْا فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ أَن يُصِيبَهُم بِبَعْضِ ذُنُوبِهِمْ وَإِنَّ كَثِيراً مِّنَ النَّاسِ لَفَاسِقُونَ* أَفَحُكْمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَبْغُونَ وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللهِ حُكْمًا لِّقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ ﴾[المائدة: 50،49]

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