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GRANDORDER UNGULATA ORDERS: Condylarthra extinct ancestral

GRANDORDER UNGULATA ORDERS: Condylarthra extinct ancestral Mesonychia ungulates Perissodactyla “odd-toed” ungulates Artiodactyla “even-toed” ungulates Litopterna Notoungulata

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GRANDORDER UNGULATA ORDERS: Condylarthra extinct ancestral

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  1. GRANDORDER UNGULATA ORDERS: Condylarthra extinct ancestral Mesonychia ungulates Perissodactyla “odd-toed” ungulates Artiodactyla “even-toed” ungulates Litopterna Notoungulata Pyrotheria extinct South American Xenungulata ungulates Astrapotheria Tubulidentata - aardvark Proboscidea – elephants “subungulate” Hyracoidea – hyraxes orders Sirenia – manatees/dugongs Cetacea whales

  2. PLACENTAL PHYLOGENY (nuclear genes)

  3. 1 species

  4. 3 genera, 6 species

  5. PROBOSCIDEAN PHYLOGENY

  6. DEINOTHERIDAE

  7. GOMPHOTHERIIDAE Gomphotherium Platybelodon

  8. MASTODONTIDAE Mammut

  9. ELEPHANTIDAE

  10. PROBOSCIDEAN TEETH ELEPHANT MASTODON

  11. 3 species 2 species (1 extinct)

  12. ORDER MESONYCHIA Arctocyon Sinonyx

  13. Diatryma Pachyaena

  14. ORDER MESONYCHIA

  15. ORDER MESONYCHIA

  16. CETACEAN PHYLOGENY

  17. SUBORDER ODONTOCETI

  18. 17 genera, 32 species

  19. 4 genera, 6 species

  20. 4 genera, 5 species

  21. 2 genera, 2 species

  22. 6 genera, 19 species

  23. 2 genera, 3 species

  24. SUBORDER MYSTICETI

  25. 2 genera, 3 species 1 species

  26. 2 genera, 6 species 1 species

  27. ODONTOCETES MYSTICETES SIZE mostly small (<5 m) large males > females in size females > males VOCALIZATION high-frequency sounds low-frequency (some) echolocation communication & communication DIET vertebrates filter-feeding MOVEMENTS mainly local migratory Physeter migratory SOCIAL STRUCTURE variable in both groups, including harem polygyny, small female kin groups, seasonal migratory groups.

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