1 / 8

Fun With Fungi

Fun With Fungi. 31. Characteristics. Heterotrophs that acquire nutrients by ______________. Digestion occurs outside the body, secretion of hydrolytic enzymes. Nutritional modes: ___________: (decomposers): absorb nutrients from nonliving organic material

elpida
Download Presentation

Fun With Fungi

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Fun With Fungi 31

  2. Characteristics • Heterotrophs that acquire nutrients by ______________. • Digestion occurs outside the body, secretion of hydrolytic enzymes. • Nutritional modes: • ___________: (decomposers): absorb nutrients from nonliving organic material • ___________: absorb nutrients from host • ___________: reciprocal relationship with host

  3. Characteristics Continued • Bodies constructed of _______: thin tubular walls around cell cytoplasm/membrane • Hyphae is woven together to form ______________. • Form fits function: Large surface area for absorption (Can be huge underground –6.5 kilometers, thousands of years old) • Cell walls built of __________ (polysaccharide) • Nonmotile: extend hyphae to grow but can’t move

  4. Types of Hyphae • Septate: hypha cells divided into cross walls • Aseptate: no cross walls • Coenocytic: many nuclei in one cytoplasmic mass (no _____________) • Haustoria: Penetrate host tissue • Mycorrhizae: mutualistic with _______________.

  5. Reproduction • Asexual or sexual spores: sex contributes to genetic variation • Two stages of syngamy: • Plasmogamy: fusion of ____________, nuclei pair up to form a dikaryon • Karyogamy: fusion of nuclei

  6. Phylogeny • Division Chytidiomycota (Chytrids) • Mainly aquatic, some saprobes and some parasites • Form flagellated zoospores, form coencytichyphae • Division Zygomycota (Zygote Fungi) • Terrestrial saprobes • Coencytichyphae, form zygosporangia • Division Ascomycota (Sac Fungi) • Marine and terrestrial, symbiotic (ex. Lichens, mycorrhizae) • Sexual spores is saclike asci, fruiting bodies • Division Basidiomycota (Club Fungi) • Decomposers, mycorrhizae, parasites • Long lived dikarytoic mycelium, fruiting bodies, basidicarps

  7. Fungal Forms • MOLDS: rapid growth, asexual reproduction, saprobes or parasites, molds refers to asexual stage (uses include ________, fermenting ___________) • YEASTS: unicellular, moist habitats, reproduce asexually by budding (uses include _______ and ___________ making) • LICHENS: fungal mesh holding symbiotic organisms, algae gives fungus ________, cyanobacteria fixes _____________. (important for succession) • MYCORRHIZAE: mutualism of plants and fungi (95% of vascular plants have mycorrhizae)

  8. Applications • Decomposers: make nutrients available to plants and animals (ex. Rot _______, fruits and veggies) • Pathogens: Athletes foot, yeast infection, ringworm, lung infections • Asperigillus on improperly stored grain releases carcinogens called aflatoxins • Ergots formed from an ascomycete causes nervous spasms, hallucinations (Lysergic acid in LSD) • Eating: mushrooms (don’t eat wild ones!!) and truffles

More Related