CELLS Structure & Function Review

1. CELLSStructure & FunctionReview

2. Controls what enters or leaves cell; What is the function of the cell membrane?

3. prokaryotes Bacteria are ______________ prokaryotes eukaryotes This storage spaceis a ___________. vacuole http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif

4. *All living things are made of cells. *Cells are the basic units of structure & function in an organism * Cells are produced from existing cells. Tell the 3 of the parts of the cell theory. Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function organelle

5. Tell which part does it? Mitochondria Burns glucose ____________________ Controls what enters or leaves the cell ___________________ Pulls chromosomesduring cell division __________________ Digests unwanted substances or cell parts _______________ Makes proteins ______________________ Contains chromatin ___________________ Cell membrane Centrioles Lysosomes Ribosomes Nucleus

6. eukaryote An animal cell is a ____________. prokaryote eukaryote This organelle isthe ____________ Rough ER http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_er.html

7. Name an organelle that assists withmovement Cilia OR flagella OR CYTOSKELETON Name the organelle which is called the “power plant” of the cell because it provides energy mitochondrion

8. vacuole Name the storage space that is larger in plants than animals. Name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities ATP

9. prokaryotes Cells that have a cell membrane but NOT a nuclear membrane are________________ Name the organelle that acts as the cell’s control center. nucleus

10. Phospholipids & proteins Cell membranes are made of these 2 main kinds of molecules.

11. nucleolus Name the dark spot in the nucleus of a cell where ribosomes are made. Membranes that allow certain moleculesto pass through and not others are said to be ___________________ permeable. Selectively OR semi-

12. ribosomes Proteins are made on the __________ in a cell.

13. Tell which part does it? smooth ER Mitochondria Makes lipidsfor membranes ____________________ Stores energy as ATP ___________________ Modifies & transports proteins made on its ribosomes ____________________ Regulates calcium levelsin muscle cells ________________ Supports and protectsplant cells ___________________ Rough ER Smooth ER Cell wall

14. What’s the function? burn glucose; make ATP Make proteins support; protection Mitochondria ____________________ Ribosomes ___________________ Cell wall __________________ Golgi bodies ____________________ Centrioles ________________ Smooth ER ___________________ Package molecules for storage or export Pull chromosomes apart during cell division Make steroids in gland cells; regulate calcium in muscle cells; Break down toxins in liver

15. mitochondria Cell organelles that burn glucose and store energy as ATP. This structureis a __________ flagellum

16. Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, OR centrioles Name an organelle that is made of microtubules

17. Tell which part does it? Mitochondria Makes ATP ____________________ Controls what enters or leaves the nucleus _________________ Help cell move __________________ Modify, sort, & package substances for transport _________________ Makes ribosomes ______________________ Control center of cell ___________________ nuclear envelope Cilia or flagella Golgi bodies nucleolus Nucleus

18. Mitochondria OR chloroplasts Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has DNA Tell one difference between cilia and flagella. Cilia- many, shorterFlagella-one or two, longer

19. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.htmlhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html GOLGI BODY Name this part.

20. Mitochondria OR chloroplasts Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has a double membrane

21. Tell which part does it? nucleus cytoskeleton Contains genetic info __________________ Give cell shape/support ____________ Few, long structuresfor locomotion __________________ Place for photosynthesis __________________ Large storage space ___________________ flagella chloroplast vacuole

22. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.htmlhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html Smooth ER Name this part.

23. rough Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is called _________ ER. Membrane bound sac that contains digestive enzymes. lysosome

24. This organellemakes ATP. mitochondrion Because the phospholipids in a cellmembrane form 2 layers it is called a _____________. bilayer

25. smooth _________ ER does NOT haveribosomes attached The _______________ is made of microfilaments and microtubules andhelps the cell to maintain its shape. cytoskeleton

26. The yellow part of this phospholipid molecule stays on the outside of the bilayer next to the water environment because it is ______________. polar nonpolar polar

27. Make proteins What is the job of the ribosomes? Pancake-like stack of membranes that modify, sort, &package substances for transport. Golgi body

28. Tell which part does it? smooth ER Mitochondria Breaks down toxins ____________________ Power plant ___________________ Allows molecules in &out of nucleus ____________________ Supports and protectsbacterial cells ___________________ Nuclear pores Cell wall

29. Name a cell part that has this 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules Cilia OR flagella Organelle in a plant or animal cell that contains the cell’s genetic material. nucleus

30. Ribosomes are made of __________ & __________ Protein RNA

31. What is the function of the Rough ER? Modify and transport molecules made by its ribosomes This organelle is a _____________ Golgi Body http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.htm

32. What’s the function? modify/transport proteins Contain DNA; control center support; give shape rough ER ____________________ nucleus ___________________ cytoskeleton __________________ cell membrane ____________________ chloroplast ________________ vacuole ___________________ nucleolus ________________________ Control what enters/leaves cell photosynthesis Stores water, food, molecules, waste Make RNA for ribosomes

33. eukaryote A plant cell is a ______________. prokaryote eukaryote This organelle contains the molecules for photosynthesis. chloroplast

34. cilia The many short structures on the top of thiscell are __________ Cells that have a nuclear membraneare called ________________ eukaryotes

35. Smooth ER The organelle that regulates calcium in muscle cells, makes lipids for membranes, and breaks down toxins in liver cells is the ____________________ The cytoskeleton is made of ______________ & ______________ Microfilaments microtubules

36. The blue part of this phospholipid molecule stays inside the membrane away from water because it is ______________. polar nonpolar Non polar

37. A B A = ________________ B = ________________ C = ________________ D= _________________ E= __________________ C D E Cell membrane Rough ER nucleus Golgi Body Mitochondrion

38. Put the following cells in order of decreasing size: Bacterium Plant cell Animal cell _________ ________  _________ small smaller smallest Plant Animal Bacterium

39. True or False Bacteria don’t have a CELL membrane. FALSE; All cells have a cell membrane on the outside Name one of the functions of Smooth ER Make lipids for membranes, regulate calcium levels, Break down toxic substances

40. Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that has its OWN DNA Mitochondria OR chloroplasts

41. http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm phospholipid Name this molecule found in cell membranes

42. False; Yes, they do Ribosomes aren’t made of membranes True or False Bacteria don’t have ribosomes. True or False Plant cells don’t have centrioles True; at least we can’t see them

43. Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that is surrounded by a DOUBLE membrane Mitochondria OR chloroplasts

44. mitochondria Cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of ______________ Golgi bodies Smooth ER mitochondria centrioles Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes attached is called _____________________ Smooth ER

45. A membrane thatlets certain molecules pass through and not others is called _______________ Semi permeable OR selectively permeable http://www.d.umn.edu/~sdowning/Membranes/membraneImages/jpegimages/diffusionmedium.jpg

46. cell The ___________ is the basic unit of life. What do ribosomes make? proteins

47. Both: are eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound organelles have a cell membrane have DNA in multiple chromosomes Tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike?

48. Both: have a cell wall have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes Tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike?

49. Both: have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes Tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike?

50. Tell one way plant cells are different from animal cells? PLANTS ANIMALS Have cell wall NO cell wall Have chloroplasts No chloroplasts no centrioles have centrioles Big vacuole small vacuole