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Animal Behavior and Restraint

Animal Behavior and Restraint. Mr. Pace Vet Assisting. Animal Communication. Auditory Mothers identify their offspring through distinctive sounds Animals vocalize when: Distressed, Hungry Sounds communicate: Danger, feeding, reproductive readiness, mark territory. Animal communication.

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Animal Behavior and Restraint

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  1. Animal Behavior and Restraint Mr. Pace Vet Assisting

  2. Animal Communication • Auditory • Mothers identify their offspring through distinctive sounds • Animals vocalize when: • Distressed, Hungry • Sounds communicate: • Danger, feeding, reproductive readiness, mark territory

  3. Animal communication • Olfactory • Odors release pheromones which trigger behavior • Readiness to breed (“heat”) • Offspring recognition

  4. Animal communication • Tactile • Proper behavior taught by touch patterns • Scruffing • Touch is used in social bonding • Mutual grooming • Initiate play

  5. Animal communication • Visual • Visual signs made by: • Eyes, ears, tail, posture, etc. • Recognized by SEEING: • Color or movement

  6. Factors influencing behavior • Environment • Physical Surroundings • Cleanliness • Temperature • Lighting • Noise • Enclosure Size

  7. Factors Influencing behavior • Health • Physical Health • Anesthesia • Injury • Ohio Wild Animals on the loose: • Why were police unable to just tranquilize all of the wild animals and transport them to zoos?

  8. Factors Influencing behavior • Experience • The way an animal was raised affects its behavior. • Dog – Kennel vs home w/ kids • Cat – house cat vs barn cat • Horse – Raised on the range vs backyard pasture, Imprinting?

  9. Factors influencing behavior • Genetics • Genetics affect some animal’s temperament • Can be altered in training and conditioning but will always be there • Sea World Florida • Tilikum Returns • Animal behavior takes shape of ancestors (wolf, wild horse, etc) • Top 3 aggressive dogs: • Pit Bull • Rottweiler • German Shepherd

  10. Factors influencing Behavior • Ingestive • Patterns of eating, drinking, and finding food • Eliminative • Urinating and defecating behaviors • Burying feces

  11. Patterns of Behavior • Sexual • Behavior enhanced/caused by gender hormones • “Heat” Behavior • Male Dominance or Aggression • Mother – Young • Care giving to young • Protection

  12. Patterns of behavior • Agnostic • Behavior associated with danger/conflict • Fight or Flight • Gregarious • Social structures formed in groups, flocks, or herds

  13. Patterns of Behavior • Investigative • How animals explore their surroundings • Sleep and Rest • Patterns of sleep • Nocturnal • Sleep standing up or laying down

  14. Behaviorally healthy animals… • Behavior wellness is the condition or state of normal and acceptable pet’s conduct that enhances the human-animal bond and the pet’s quality of life

  15. Behaviorally Healthy Animals… • Why would a vet clinic choose to take an active role in educating clients about animal behavior and training? • The vet clinic staff are probably the first professionals to see a new puppy or kitten when it comes in for vaccines • You want pet owners to be happy with their pet. They won’t be if it has behavior problems. • Working at a vet clinic allows you to see the good, bad and ugly of every breed. • Help owners choose the right breed for them.

  16. Behaviorally healthy animals… • People’s pets should behave in the following manner • Affectionate, without being overly needed • Are friendly toward or at least tolerant of people, including children, and other members of their own species. • Enjoy or at least tolerate normal, everyday handling and interactions • Eliminate only in acceptable areas • Are not overly fearful of normal, everyday events or new things • Adapt to change with minimal problems • Play well with others by not becoming uncontrollable or rough

  17. Behaviorally healthy animals… • Are not nuisances or dangerous to the community • Can be left alone for a reasonable time period without becoming anxious or panicked and consistently misbehave • Readily relinquish control of space, food, toys, or other objects • Vocalize when appropriate, but not to excess. (dog bark, cat meow, bird screech, etc….) • Dogs: reliably respond when told to sit, down, come, stay. • Cats: scratch only items provided for this purpose.

  18. Dog Behavior • Relaxed • Tail Relaxed • Ears watching you • Mouth open • Loose stance

  19. Dog Behavior • Fear • Ears pinned back • “Hackles up” • Could growl • Stooped • Tail between legs

  20. Dog Behavior • Alert • Ears pricked forward • Tail Stiff • Mouth Closed • Standing forward on toes

  21. Dog Behavior • Submission • Rolled on back with stomach and throat exposed • Tail tucked • Ears back • Avoids eye contact • May dribble urine

  22. Dog Behavior • Aggressive • Hackles raised • Tail bristled and stiff • Nose curled, lips wrinkled • Teeth and gums visible • Stiff legged, body leaning

  23. Dog Behavior • Play • Tail wagging • Front end lowered • Ears up • Mouth open with tongue out

  24. The Real Question?? Have a dog?? …. Or have kids??

  25. Training theories • Positive Reinforcement • Correct behavior is rewarded with a pleasant stimulus • Dog is told to sit, dog sits, give treat Video

  26. Training Theories • Negative Reinforcement • Animal avoids unpleasant stimulus by doing a correct behavior • Choke collar – dog feels no pressure unless it pulls on the leash • Stud chain – horse feels no pressure unless it pulls

  27. Training Theories • Punishment • Giving a negative stimulus after an INCORRECT behavior • Dog growls at child, adult smacks it’s nose

  28. Training theories • Extinction • Removal of positive reinforcement • Ignore the barking dog *Technique works, but you must outlast the dog…..

  29. Training Theories • Animal Training Trips • Use single syllable commands • Use voice AND visual commands • Be consistent • Avoid negative behavior • Meet pet’s needs first (exercise, feed, etc)

  30. Small animal restraint • For an exam or procedure • Try to make animal comfortable and feel safe • Use walls, corners, and yourself as a barrier

  31. Small Animal Restraint • To draw blood or set up IV: • Dogs • Jugular: hold in sitting position with neck up • Front leg: be sure they can’t pull leg away

  32. Small animal Restraint • To draw blood or set up IV: • Cats • Scruff of back leg • Jugular

  33. Small Animal Restraint • For an x-ray Sternal Recumbancy Lateral Recumbancy

  34. Small Animal Restraint Tricks for aggressive/fearful dogs: • Muzzle • Gauze muzzle • Loop leash • Rabies pole

  35. Small Animal Restraint Tricks for aggressive/fearful cats: • Towel wrap • Face mask • Cat bag

  36. Large Animal Restraints • Horses: • Stocks • Prevent Movement • Tricks for problem horses that can’t be controlled in stocks

  37. Large Animal Restraint • Horses: • How to safely tie a horse

  38. Large Animal Restraint • Cattle: • Squeeze chutes

  39. Large animal Restraint • Sheep/Goats • Keep head up; they can’t run forward with their head up • Hold all 4 legs when possible

  40. PRACTICE • Restraint of the Dog for Venipuncture of the Lateral Saphenous Vein • Restraint of the Dog for Jugular Venipuncture • Restraint of the Dog for Cephalic Venipuncture • Applying a gauze muzzle

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