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Electrochemistry Lesson 4 Using Oxidation Numbers

Learn about oxidation numbers and their role in electrochemical reactions. Discover how to determine the oxidizing and reducing agents, predict spontaneous reactions, and select appropriate containers for different chemicals.

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Electrochemistry Lesson 4 Using Oxidation Numbers

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  1. Electrochemistry Lesson 4 Using Oxidation Numbers

  2. Using Oxidation Numbers If the oxidation number of the central atomincreases going from left to right, its oxidation. ClO2-ClO4- Increase is oxidation +3 +7 oxidation reducing agent 4 electronslost

  3. Using Oxidation Numbers If the oxidation number of the central atomdecreases going from left to right, its reduction. NO3- HNO2 +5 +3 decrease is reduction reduction 2 electronsgained oxidizing agent

  4. Label the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. +7+1+50 ReO4- + IO-  IO3- + Re Reduced Oxidized Ox Agent Red Agent

  5. Label the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. +3+5 +5 +2 3As2O3 + 4NO3- + 7H2O + 4H+6H3AsO4 + 4NO oxidized reduced red agent ox agent

  6. Predicting Spontaneous Reactions Using the Standard Reduction Chart Does Au3+ react with Cl-? If it does write the spontaneous reaction.

  7. The top reaction is written forward- reduction The bottom reaction is written in reverse- oxidation (Au3+ + 3e- Au(s)) 2 (2Cl- Cl2(g) + 2e-) 3 2Au3+ + 6Cl-3Cl2(g) + 2Au(s)

  8. Does Ag+ react with Br-?

  9. nonspontaneous

  10. Some ionsare on both sidesof the table and are oxidizing or reducing agents. For example: Fe Fe2+ Fe3+ Sn Sn2+ Sn4+ Cu Cu+ Cu2+

  11. Does Sn2+ react with Cr?

  12. Check both spontaneous (Sn2+ + 2e- Sn(s)) 3 (Cr(s) Cr3+ + 3e-) 2 2Cr (s) + 3Sn2+2Cr3+ + 3Sn(s)

  13. Can you keep HCl in a Cu container? Explain!

  14. nonspontaneous

  15. Can you keep HCl in a Cu container? Explain! Yes, nonspontaneous. H+ is a weaker oxidizing agent than Cu2+ and Cu+.

  16. Can you keep HCl in a Zn container? Explain!

  17. Spontaneous- no H+ is a stronger oxidizing agent than Zn2+

  18. Write the spontaneous reaction. 2H+ + 2e- H2(g) Zn(s) Zn2+ + 2e- 2H+ + Zn(s) H2(g) + Zn2+

  19. Can you keep HNO3 in a Au container? Explain!

  20. Can you keep HNO3 in a Au container? Explain! Yes, nonspontaneous. HNO3is a weaker oxidizing agent than Au3+.

  21. Can you keep HNO3 in a Cu container? Explain!

  22. Take the strongest ox agent- higher Take the strongest red agent- lower

  23. Can you keep HNO3 in a Cu container? No, spontaneous. HNO3 is a stronger oxidizing agent than Cu2+. Write the spontaneous reaction. NO3- + 4H+ + 3e- NO(g) + 2H2O x 2 Cu(s) Cu2+ + 2e- x 3 2NO3- + 8H+ + 3Cu(s) 2NO(g) + 4H2O + 3Cu2+

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