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The New Beginning: 1950-s. Andrzej Wajda. Polish Cinema in 1950-s. Aleksander Ford, The Young Chopin (1951), the national pride of Poland addressed; Jerzy Kawalerowicz, Under the Phrygian Star (1954), personal life colliding with history;
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The New Beginning: 1950-s. Andrzej Wajda
Polish Cinema in 1950-s • Aleksander Ford, The Young Chopin (1951), the national pride of Poland addressed; • Jerzy Kawalerowicz, Under the Phrygian Star (1954), personal life colliding with history; • Aleksander Ford, Five Boys From Barska Street (1953), the aftermath affecting youths. Young Andrzej Wajda assisting Ford. • Andrzej Munk, Man on the Track, 1957. Political issues, formal experiments. • 1955, the emergence of the “Polish school.”
Andrzej Wajda (1926 - ) • Studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków (Cracow). • Studied in Łódź Film School. • Directed his first film, A Generation (Pokolenie), in 1955. • Directs theatrical productions. • Honorary Oscar in 2000 for lifetime achievement.
The Canal (Kanał), 1956 • Smuggled sympathy for the Home Army (banned by the new Communist government). • Individual heroism and the collective hero. • New distinct cinematic language. • The Canal, the opening sequence.
The Canal • Historical accuracy (see the real war-time picture, right). • Realism and symbolism. • The concept of national history. • Aesthetic opposition to communism with its social realism.
SHOT Shot is a single piece of film, long or short, without cuts, exposed continually.
SHOT:Character depiction • Close-up. A shot of the face only. • Detail shot. A more magnified shot than a close-up (an eye, a mouth). • Full shot. A shot of the subject that includes the entire body and not very much else. • Medium shot. A shot intermediate between a close-up and a full shot. • Over-the-shoulder shot. A shot used in dialogue scenes in which the speaker is seen as well as part of the head and part of the shoulder of the listener.
SHOT: Reaction and Interaction • Point of view shot. A shot showing the scene from the point of view of a character. • Follow shot (tracking shot). Follows the subject as it moves. • Reaction shot. A shot which cuts away from the main scene in order to show the reaction of a character to it.
SHOT: Function • Insert shot. A detail shot giving specific information needed to understand the scene (ex., a letter, the face of a clock, a tell-tale physical detail). • Bridging shot. A shot used to cover a jump in time or place, or other discontinuity. • Stock shot. 1) A shot borrowed from the library (ex., from documentaries); 2) A common, unimaginative, typical shot.
SHOT and SCENE Scene. A series of shots or one shot taking place in a single location and dealing with a single action. • Establishing shot. A long shot showing the general location of the scene which follows. • Master shot (cover shot). Single shot of the entire scene taken to facilitate the assembly of the component closer shots and details. • Pull-back shot. A tracking or a zoom shot which moves back to reveal the context of the scene.
SHOT: Camera position • Sequence shot. A long complicated shot including complex camera movements and action. • Dolly shot. A shot that uses a dolly to move a camera. • Tilt shot. The camera tilts up or down, rotating around the left-right axis of the camera head. • Crane shot. A panoramic shot taken from a crane.