The Civil Rights Era

1. The Civil Rights Era Chapter 29

2. The Civil Rights Movement Chapter 29 Section 1

3. Circle Map

6. Civil Rights Movement

7. List all of the things that you already know about the Civil Rights movement and/or Minorities fighting for their rights. (people, places, events, ideas) Civil Rights Movement

8. Why do you know this? List all of the things that you already know about the Civil Rights movement and/or Minorities fighting for their rights. (people, places, events, ideas) Civil Rights Movement

9. RACISM • Racism – the belief that certain races of people are better than others

10. Equality in Education • Segregation – the separation of people of different races • Plessy v. Ferguson – “separate but equal” • NAACP – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Thurgood Marshall – chief lawyer • Challenged “separate but equal”

12. Brown v. Board of Education • Topeka, KS – 1954 • Linda Brown – forced to travel several miles to school • Violated 14th amendment • The case Thurgood Marshall had been waiting for • Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson

14. Coming Together • Integration – bringing the races together • “with all deliberate speed” • Some had to be forced • Confrontation in Little Rock, AR • Governor Orval Faubus ordered National Guard to stop integration • Eisenhower thought otherwise

15. Central High School Little Rock, AR 1957 http://ctp.facinghistory.org/stories/crisis_in_little_rock/in_her_own_words

16. Partner Activity • I grew up in ________ during ________ • When I saw the COLORED ONLY signs, I ____________________ • My father was ______________ • In my school system, ______________ • When I was young I was afraid of ______ • I learned my beliefs about race from ______ • (Daniel) – When I drive through a black neighborhood, I ______ (Lisa) – When my daughter walks through a white neighborhood, she ___________________ • My attitude towards segregation was __________________ • When I look back at my youth, I feel ________________________ • My biggest fear about the legacy of segregation and racism is ___________________

18. Lisa Daniel

19. Bus Boycott • Montgomery, AL – 1955 • Rosa Parks – refused to give up her seat to a white person • Boycott – refuse to use • 75% of all bus users were black • Martin Luther King – unknown preacher, quickly became leader

20. Bus Boycott Continued… • People used many different methods of transportation • Supreme court ruled segregation of buses unconstitutional • Boycott ended

23. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. • National civil rights leader • Non-Violent • Civil disobedience – refusal to obey laws that are considered unjust • Southern Christian Leadership Conference – 60 preachers • “I have a dream…”

24. The Struggle Continues Chapter 29 Section 3

25. Protests • Sit-in – protesting by sitting down • Led to many businesses desegregation • “Freedom Riders” – made sure bus laws were being followed • Violence broke out – riders were stoned • Led to desegregation of interstate busses • Crossing state lines

28. Gaining Ground • 1st African American to attend the University of Mississippi • James Meredith; had to be aided by police • Riots • University of Alabama desegregated • Governor George Wallace tried to stop it • March on Washington • 200,000 people – led by Martin Luther King • “I have a dream”

31. Gaining More Ground • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • No discrimination in hiring • Desegregated restaurants, theaters, stores and hotels • Voting Rights Act of 1964 • All states have to allow all races to vote

32. Other Voices of Civil Rights • Malcolm X • Nation of Islam leader (Black Muslims) • African Americans need to separate themselves (soon changed his mind) • Famous autobiography • Stokely Carmichael • Black Power – racial pride

34. Violence Erupts • Black Panther Party – Oakland, CA • To protect African Americans from police brutality – violence against citizens by the police • Armed disputes with police

36. Riots • Watts section of Los Angeles • 1st and most violent • Detroit, San Francisco, Cleveland, Chicago • Protests, looting, fighting, burning

39. Martin Luther King Assassinated • April 4, 1968 • Shot at his hotel in Memphis, TN • James Earl Ray • Riots in over 100 cities

41. Other Groups Seeking Rights Chapter 29 Section 4

42. Women’s Rights • Equal Pay Act – employers have to pay women the same as men • Betty Friedan – Feminine Mystique • Feminist – activist for women’s rights • National Organization for Women (NOW) • Equal Rights Amendment – would not pass • Women were gaining more important jobs and even political offices

43. Hispanic American Rights • Hispanic – coming from the countries of Latin America or Spain • Extremely fast growing population • Fighting for the rights of farm workers • Cesar Chavez – United Farm Workers (UFW) • Strikes/boycotts for better wages

45. Native Americans • After WWII was a time of struggle • Poverty, unemployment, poor nutrition • Life expectancy – 46 years old • National Congress of American Indians • Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 • American Indian Movement – more extreme • Lead by Russell Means

47. Americans with disabilities • Many new laws were passed to protect the rights of those who suffer from physical and mental disabilities

48. Fighting for Civil Rights African Am. Hispanic Am. Native Am. Women Disabled