Improving the visibility of Indian Research: An Institutional, Open Access Publishing Model

1. Improving the visibility of Indian Research: An Institutional, Open Access Publishing Model T.B. Rajashekar (Raja)National Centre for Science InformationIndian Institute of ScienceBangalore – 560 012 (India) (raja@ncsi.iisc.ernet.in) Indo-US Workshop on Open Digital Libraries and Interoperability, June 23-25, 2003

2. NCSI, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore • A central e-information facility and department • Provide desktop access to global e-information sources • e-journals, databases, web resources, news • SciGate – The IISc Science Information portal • E-JIS – the e-journal gateway • Promote visibility of IISc research • eprints@iisc - The IISc ePrints archive – online repository of IISc research papers • Conduct publications-based impact studies • Education and training • 18-month post-graduate training course on ‘Information and Knowledge Management’ • Short term training courses – content management, DLs • Undertake sponsored development projects • ‘K-Library’ – VIC, ICICI Knowledge Park • Beta testing of Greenstone DL (UNESCO)

3. Agenda • The Problem • OAP and global access to Indian research • Enabling technologies for OAP • OAP in India: Current status and potential • Proposed OAP system • Deployment strategy • Challenges and issues • Areas for collaboration

4. The Problem • Declining visibility and impact of Indian research • Several causes • Information related issues • Poor local access to global research • Poor global access to Indian research • How do we improve the situation?

5. Local access to global research • Consortia approach - license campus-wide access to international e-resources • MHRD (INDEST), CSIR, INFLIBNET • J-Gate & JCCC – Indian initiative – access to global journal literature • Expectations: Improved R&D productivity, quality of teaching and learning • Issues: Archiving, personalization, usage monitoring and impact analysis

6. Global access to Indian research • Key challenge: How do we reciprocate the information flow and improve visibility and impact of Indian research? • Possible solution: Institutional level, open access publishing • Institutions set up digital repositories of their research output and provide open access • Adopt inter-operability standards “Acting locally, Thinking globally” – Christine Borgman

7. Open Access Publishing (OAP) • Free online access to scholarly material • “Public Domain” and “Open Access” material • Global movement in support of open access • Agencies and initiatives • International and national level workshops • “International Symposium on Open Access and the Public Domain in Digital Data and Information for Science”, Paris, 10-11 March 2003 (ICSU, UNESCO, ICSTI)

8. Enabling Technologies for OAP • Open source DL/repository software • GSDL, eprint.org, DSpace, CDSWare (OAI compliant) • Open source software for online journals and conference publishing • OJS of PKP project (OAI compliant) • Metadata schemes, name spaces, vocabularies • OpenArchives – Interoperability framework (OAI-PMH Protocol for metadata harvesting) • XML – information structuring / exchange

9. Data Provider • Maintain repository • Expose metadata according to a metadata standard (e.g. DC) • Register with OAI • Service provider • Register with OAI • Extract metadata from registered repositories (‘harvest’) • Provide services (e.g. central index) Example: Institutional eprint archives that use eprints.org software (DP). ARC service from ODU (SP).

10. OAP and India: Current Status and Potential • Significant R&D base (2001) • 2,900 organizations with R&D support • Large number of R&D labs under govt. agencies in several S&T domains • 300 universities • Research publishing (2002) • 34,000 journal articles indexed in international databases • 17,000 indexed in WOS – 5,600 from 50 institutions (IISc, CSIR, IITs, TIFR) Significant potential for improving “Research Capacity”

11. OAP and India: Current Status and Potential • Open access examples: • 11 journals of the Indian Academy of Sciences • UDL project - IISc • Vidyanidhi – theses – University of Mysore • Data sets – NCL, Pune • 4 journals from INSA • Metadata: INDMED, INFLIBNET • OAI-compliant repository • eprints@iisc – IISc

12. eprints@IISc – Home Page

13. eprints@IISc – Deposit Process

14. eprints@IISc – Deposit Process

15. eprints@IISc – Deposit Process

16. eprints@IISc – Deposit Process

17. eprints@IISc – Deposit Process

18. eprints@IISc – Browse

19. eprints@IISc – Metadata Display

20. eprints@IISc – Full Text Display

21. eprints@IISc – Advanced Search

22. ARC – A Cross Archive Search Service

23. ARC – A Cross Archive Search Service

24. ARC – A Cross Archive Search Service

25. Proposed OAP System Data providers Academic & govt. R&D institutions Science journals Science academies and societies, academic & govt. R&D institutions New online-only e-journals (e.g. graduate students) Metadata, if full material cannot be made online Service providers One or more – domain specific, multi-domain DP can act as SP Commercial possibilities (value-added services)? Develop a national network of distributed, inter-operable, open access digital repositories of S&T scholarly material

26. Proposed OAP System • Institutional repository features • Uses a OAI compliant repository software • Configures the repository for agreed content specifications • Supports distributed, intranet, online submission by researchers • Support for moderation/ peer review • Support for browse and search • Exposes metadata for harvesting

27. OAI compliant repository (Data Provider) OAI compliant repository (Data Provider) Metadata Harvesting Service Provider OAI compliant repository (Data Provider) Service Provider Search User

28. Deployment Strategy • Phased approach • Feasibility: 2-3 institutions in 2 administrative domains – IISc/IIT (MHRD), CSIR labs • Institutional repositories, central search service • Firm-up implementation mechanism • Administrative/ financial mechanism – extend scope of existing consortia + other funding sources • Expand the model to bring in other national level resources (legacy, new) • Ensure interoperability with global service providers Essential - Structured & planned approach. National level coordination for concept promotion, feasibility, training, development, support and implementation.

29. Key Benefits • Improved visibility and impact – institutional, national • Improved management of institutional IP (e.g. establish priority) • Contribute to institutional KM (e.g. knowledge ‘reuse’) • Improved research collaboration – inter-departmental, inter-institutional, international • Enhanced status and reputation – attract talent and funding • Enhanced ‘research capacity’

30. Challenges and Issues • Essential and desirable features of repository software, infrastructural requirements • Content related standards and specifications (document types, metadata, formats, vocabulary, citations) • Promotion of repository usage by researchers • Peer review and quality audit norms • OAI-PMH support for non-OAI compliant systems • Automatic metadata identification, indexing, categorization, summarization

31. Challenges and Issues… • Development of national level harvesting services • Content management – workflows, processes • IP issues – ownership and use of repository content • Preservation for long term access • Usage monitoring and impact (ROI) studies • Integration/ co-existence with traditional publishing systems

32. Conclusion • Indian perspective • Research, development, implementation and deployment of OAP systems will be of significant interest and benefit to both the countries • Contribute to development of global open digital library • Further the cause of DLs as a field of study