Nutrition and Diet

1. Nutrition and Diet Write answers in the white spaces below and pull the tabs for answers. How would you define nutrition? Nutrition: The consumption of food and how the body uses the food for growth, energy, and healing of damaged 
tissues. Pull How would you define diet? Diet: the pattern of eating, including what, how, and when a person eats. Pull

2. Nutrition and Diet Write answers in the white spaces below and pull the tabs for answers. What are macronutrients? How much do we need? Macronutrients: Macronutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, 
and fats. We need these in large amounts. Pull What are micronutrients? How much do we need? Micronutrients: Micronutrients are trace minerals and some vitamins. Our bodies need only very small amounts. Pull

3. 1 Carbohydrates, major source of ENERGY 4 calories per gram Copy Your body uses carbohydrates (carbs) to make glucose 
which is the fuel that gives you energy and helps keep 
everything going. Your body can use glucose immediately or store it in your 
liver and muscles for when it is needed.

4. 2 Two Main Types of Carbohydrates Copy Simple carbohydrates Complex carbohydrates

5. 3 Simple Sugars Copy fructose , dextrose, glucose,  galactose monosaccharides lactose (galactose & glucose)  sucrose (glucose & fructose)  maltose (glucose & glucose) disaccharides

6. 4 Simple Carbohydrates Copy Simple carbohydrates include sugars found naturally in foods such 
as fruits, vegetables, milk, and milk products. Simple carbohydrates also include sugars added during food 
processing and refining. What's the difference? In general, foods with added sugars have 
fewer nutrients than foods with naturally-occurring sugars. Examples of added sugars glucose, brown sugars, fructose, honey, 
syrup, lactose, sucrose

7. 5 Complex Carbohydrates Copy polysaccharides 3 or more linked sugars ex. starch

8. 6 Complex Carbohydrates Copy Starch and dietary fiber are the two types of complex carbohydrates. Starch (consists of many simple sugars) must be broken 
down through digestion before your body can use it as a 
glucose source. Starch is in certain vegetables (i.e., potatoes, dry beans, 
peas, and corn). Starch is also found in breads, cereals, and grains. Dietary fiber is in vegetables, fruits, and whole grain foods.

9. Carbohydrates, the Fuel for Life Carbohydrates are starches and sugars and our main source 
of energy. Your body won’t function without carbs. Pull Pull tabs then sort the different types of 
carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates take longer to digest, are packed 
with vitamins and minerals, and contain fiber, which aids in 
digestion. Pull Simple carbs Complex carbs Refined Unrefined Refined carbs have added chemicals and sugars and natural 
nutrients like fiber, vitamins, and minerals removed. Pull About 40–60% of the total calories in our diet should come 
from carbs and should be mostly complex carbs. Pull A diet high in complex carbs and low in fat can help in weight 
control and preventing diabetes and cancer. Pull

10. Correct Answer Simple carbs Complex carbs Refined Unrefined

11. Be a Food Sleuth Put the food in order of the most to the least amount of sugar. Sugar Chocolate bar Highest Lowest Spaghetti sauce, 1 cup Food manufacturers add sugar and salt to food to make it 
taste better and to extend the product shelf life. Pull Lowfat flavored yogurt, 8 oz Soda, 20 oz Vanilla shake, 20 oz Foods high in sugar don’t result in satiety, or a feeling of 
fullness, so you keep eating more. Pull Cereal, 1 cup Ketchup, 1 tablespoon High fructose corn syrup, dextrose, maltose, galactose, 
sucrose and lactose are all names for sugar. Pull White bread, 1 slice

12. Correct Answer Sugar Highest Lowest 3 ½ sugar 
cubes Soda, 20 oz Cereal, 1 cup 17 sugar cubes Vanilla shake, 20 oz White bread, 1 slice 12 sugar cubes 3 sugar cubes Lowfat flavored yogurt, 8 oz Spaghetti sauce, 1 cup 7 sugar cubes 3 sugar cubes Chocolate bar Ketchup, 1 tablespoon 1 sugar cubes 4.5 sugar cubes

13. 7 Diabetes Copy Increase levels of glucose resulting from a problem with insulin secretion or action Insulin is a chemical produced by the pancreas that controls blood sugar Type 1 - Cells in pancreas are damaged Type 2 - Cells do not respond to insulin appropriately **This is on the rise due to obesity

14. What is the problem with refined 
carbohydrates? 8 A They make you feel full too fast. B They don't stay fresh. C Most of the nutrients have been removed. D Most people don't like the way they taste.

15. What is the problem with refined 
carbohydrates? 9 Copy Testing for Simple Sugars - add Benedict's reagent to your sample - heat sample - if sugar is present solution will change colour -different colours indicate different sugars Testing for Complex Carbohydrates - add Lugol's solution (iodine) to your sample - if starch is present Lugol's turns blue/black