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Pigs are non-ruminants

Pigs are non-ruminants. Single stomach Eat feed low in fiber Humans are also non-ruminants. Definition of a non-ruminant. Parts of the digestive tract. 1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small Intestine 5. Large Intestine. What does the digestive system do?.

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Pigs are non-ruminants

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  1. Pigs are non-ruminants

  2. Single stomach • Eat feed low in fiber • Humans are also non-ruminants Definition of a non-ruminant

  3. Parts of the digestive tract • 1. Mouth • 2. Esophagus • 3. Stomach • 4. Small Intestine • 5. Large Intestine

  4. What does the digestive system do? • Breaks down feedstuffs into ….. • simple chemical parts….. • so the pig can absorb….. • and utilize them .

  5. What does the mouth do in digestion? • Breaks down feed stuffs by chewing • Adds saliva to help in digestion

  6. What does the esophagus do? • Muscles contract to move the food down to the stomach

  7. Adds digestive juices to break down food What does the stomach do?

  8. What does the small intestine do?

  9. The small intestine…. • Mixes secretions • Absorbs nutrients

  10. What does the large intestine do? • Storage and formation of feces • Absorption of water • Secretion and reabsorption of electrolytes

  11. Digestive System of a Pig

  12. Non-ruminant • Abomasum- true stomach • depends on digestive enzymes • pepsin, rennin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, HCL • Needs • energy (fat and CHO), protein (a.a.), minerals (Ca:P 1.2:1 to 1.5:1), vitamins, water, antibiotics and other additives

  13. Swine Gastrointestinal Physiology 11/04

  14. Digestive secretions: saliva • Functions of saliva in non-ruminants: • Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing • Contains antibodies and lysozyme • Some amylase in saliva of swine and rats, but much less than in humans • Functions of saliva in ruminants: • Maintains fluid consistency of rumen • Slightly alkaline; helps neutralize acids formed by fermentation • May help prevent frothing in rumen

  15. Gastric pits in gastric mucosa • Gastric pits are openings to ducts into which gastric glands empty their secretions

  16. Exocrine gland • Any gland that directs its secretions through a duct into a compartment that is contiguous with the exterior of the body

  17. Glandular regions of simple stomach Cardiac Fundic Pyloric

  18. Glandular regions of equine, porcine and ruminant stomachs • Cardiac, fundic and pyloric gland regions are glandular • Esophageal regions (“E”) are non-glandular epithelium

  19. Cardiac gland region (cardiac mucosa) Cardiac Fundic Pyloric

  20. Fundic gland region Cardiac • Mucous neck cells • Parietal cells • Chief cells Fundic Pyloric

  21. Fundic gland region • Mucous neck cells secrete mucus • Parietal cells secrete: • HCl • Intrinsic factor (not in cats); necessary for absorption of Vitamin B12

  22. Fundic gland region • Chief cells secrete pepsinogen • HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin • Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme (breaks down proteins into peptides)

  23. Pyloric gland region Cardiac • Mucous secreting cells • G cells Fundic Pyloric

  24. Pyloric gland region • G cells are endocrine gland cells – secrete the endocrine hormone, gastrin • Endocrine cells secrete hormones into the bloodstream – travel to a distant part of the body where they produce an effect on another cell type

  25. Substances that stimulate HCl secretion by parietal cell Gastrin may interact with either receptor • Gastrin • Acetylcholine • Histamine • Histamine secreted by ECL cells in gastric mucosa

  26. Rennin • Enzyme secreted by abomasal mucosa of young ruminant • Acts to coagulate milk protein, which facilitates its digestion

  27. Hormone secretions of small intestine: cholecystokinin

  28. Hormone secretions of the small intestine: secretin

  29. Exocrine pancreatic secretions • Liquid rich in HCO3- • Pancreatic digestive enzymes • Both are secreted into duodenum

  30. Pancreatic digestive enzymes • Pancreatic proteolytic enzymes (pancreatic proteases) are secreted as proenzymes (zymogens)

  31. Activation of pancreatic proteases in small intestine • CCK stimulates duodenal mucosal cells to produce enteropeptidase Proelastase Elastase

  32. Absorption of amino acids from small intestine

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