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Brook Stickleback Culaea inconstans

Brook Stickleback Culaea inconstans. AKA: Common Stickleback, Pinfish and Black Stickleback. http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/fish/fishspecs/brookstickleback.gif. Lou Ewinger. Morone chrysops (White Bass) David Thompson Iowa DNR. Morone chrysops (White Bass).

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Brook Stickleback Culaea inconstans

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  1. Brook SticklebackCulaea inconstans AKA: Common Stickleback, Pinfish and Black Stickleback http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/fish/fishspecs/brookstickleback.gif Lou Ewinger

  2. Morone chrysops (White Bass)David ThompsonIowa DNR

  3. Morone chrysops (White Bass) • Identification: Deep body strongly arched behind head; deepest between dorsal fins; blue-gray above; silver-white side; yellow eye; 4 to 7 dark gray-brown stripes on silver white side • Formerly treated as part of the sea bass family, Serranidae, which closely resembles the Sunfish; is now in the temperate bass family or Percichthydae • Other names - white bass, striped bass, sand bass, bar fish, rock fish, gray bass, silver bass, streaker

  4. Distribution: Mississippi River and lower reaches of its tributaries, natural lakes in northwest Iowa; St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, Miss. River basins from QU to MB and south to LA, also introduced into Atlantic and Gulf Coast Iowa DNR

  5. Habitat: deep, quiet pools of medium to large rivers and the mid-water environment of lakes and reservoirs; They are most frequently found in locations with sand and gravel bottoms in clear to slightly turbid water • Diet: fish, insects, and crustaceans • Reproduction: the freshwater species do not build nests; spawn at random in spring; give no care to the eggs or young; the number of eggs produced is proportional to body size Michigan DNR

  6. Conservation status: common in many Iowa’s natural lakes including: Storm, North Twin, Blackhawk, East and West Okoboji, Spirit, Minnewhasta, Upper and Lower Gar and Clear lakes • Recreational importance: sport fish? The season is open all year; the daily bag limit is 30; the possession limit is 30; there is no minimum length limit (except in Big Creek) • Other: White bass seldom live beyond 4 years and few attain a size larger than 2 or 3 pounds; Iowa state record was 3 pounds, 14 ounces from West Lake Okoboji in May 1972

  7. References: Iowa Department of Natural Resources. 2004. Iowa DNR Fish and Fishing. Available at http://www.iowadnr.com/fish/iafish/whtbass.html Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr. 1991. Freshwater Fishes of North America North of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. Eddy, S. and J.C. Underhill. 1978. How to Know the Freshwater Fishes. Third Edition. McGraw-Hill, Boston. Michigan Department of Natural Resources. 2001-2004. Available at http://www.michigan.gov/dnr

  8. Identification: • 4-6 independent dorsal spines • Very thin caudal peduncle • Threespine sticklebacks have caudal peduncle keel • Colors vary, usually pale yellow to olive green with darker splotches • Only brook sticklebacks are found in Iowa Habitat: • Streams with moderate current and sandy or gravel bottoms • Small natural lakes • Low turbidity, clear water • Require vegetation for reproduction http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/wildlife/Fishing/aquanotes-fishid/bstickle.htm

  9. Diet: Small crustaceans, insect larvae, snails, small annelids, water mites, water fleas and fish eggs Distribution in Iowa: Northern half of the state Watermite http://www.iowadnr.com/fish/iafish/stickleb.html http://lakes.chebucto.org/ZOOBENTH/biotic.html Conservations status: No special conservation status in Iowa. Have been introduced outside of their native range when used as bait. Water flea/ daphnia http://www.wdc.keystone.edu

  10. Reproduction: • Males build a cylindrical nest of weeds held together by kidney secretions. • Females deposit eggs • Males protect the nest and newly hatched fry • Males may spawn several times • 40-250+ eggs Recreational/ Economic and Ecological Importance: • Popular aquarium fish • Occasionally used as bait • Gamefish prey where abundant Lou Ewinger

  11. Interesting Facts: • One of the first native North American Fish to become a popular aquarium fish • Closely related to seahorses • Only stickleback that is strictly freshwater • Originally the TWRA banned them from being imported into Tennessee. Thought the spines would cause harm to game species that attempted to ingest the fish. • Genus name, Culaea, is meaningless. Originally Eucalia inconstans.

  12. References Etnier, D.A. and W.C. Starnes. 1993. The Fishes of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville. Greenhalgh, M. 1999. Freshwater Fish, The Natural History of Over 160 Native European Species. Octopus Publishing Group Ltd, London. Iowa Department of Natural Resources. 1994. IowaDNR Fish and Fishing. Available at http://www.iowadnr.com/fish/iafish/iafish.htm. Ohio Department of Natural Resources. 2004. Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Division, Life History Notes: Brook Stickleback. Available at http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/wildlife/Fishing/aquanotes-fishid/bstickle.htm. Zim, H.S. and H.H. Shoemaker. 1956. Fishes, A Guide to Familiar American Species. Simon and Schuster, New York.

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