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Geographical Information Systems and Satellite Monitoring in Nuclear Safeguards

JRC Geographical Information Systems and Satellite Monitoring in Nuclear Safeguards A. Poucet, S. Contini, F.Bellezza European Commission Joint Research Centre Nuclear Safeguards

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Geographical Information Systems and Satellite Monitoring in Nuclear Safeguards

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  1. JRC Geographical Information Systems and Satellite Monitoring in Nuclear Safeguards A. Poucet, S. Contini, F.Bellezza European Commission Joint Research Centre

  2. Nuclear Safeguards Nuclear Safeguards could be described as a comprehensive set of internationally approved technical and legal measures to verify the political undertakings of States not to use nuclear material to manufacture nuclear weapons This control is performed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) European Union: EURATOM Countries that voluntarily accept IAEA safeguards must periodically declare their Nuclear Fuel Cycle activities according to agreed protocols

  3. Objectives of the Project Develop an integrated system for supporting Site level assessment - Verify that the installations and activities for a given known site correspond to the declarations provided (Correctness) - Verify that there are no undeclared activities or installations at the declared sites (Completeness) Country level assessment - Verify the consistency of all declared fuel cycle activities (Correctness) - Verify that there are no undeclared installations or activities in hidden sites (Completeness)

  4. Information for site level assessment • Declarations submitted under the model agreement (INFCIRC/153): • nuclear materials accountancy data (movements and stocks) • design information and other information in facility attachments • Information submitted under the Strengthened Safeguards System (INFCIRC/540): e.g. • information on R&D activities at the site • information on buildings on a nuclear site • imports and exports of specific equipment to/from the site • Data from inspections and results from environmental sample analysis • In-house knowledge of nuclear fuel cycle facilities • Open source information: including maps, information on infrastructure, satellite images

  5. How to handle the data? How to structure and manage such diverse information? How to present the information to the user (inspector)? How to compare declarations with information from open sources? How to analyse the integrated picture? How to exploit synergism between data sources?

  6. “Model” used here to indicate a structured collection of knowledge (qualitative and quantitative) and procedures that supports the solving of a specific problem • Multiple dimensions or viewpoints: e.g. • topological: location, infrastructures • functional: processes, material flows • operational: activities, production, outages • Each viewpoint is organised in multiple layers: different levels of abstraction, from overview layers to more detailed representations • Cross-links between elements in different viewpoints Process Topology Operation Modeling of complex systems

  7. Topology oriented view Breakdown World map Country level Nuclear Site level Buildings level Building floors and rooms

  8. Topology oriented view Data World map Country level Country level safeguards data Nuclear Site level Site description and lay-out Buildings level Building description and use Building floors and rooms

  9. Topology oriented view Verification World map • Country maps • General open source information Country level Country level safeguards data • Satellite images • Regional maps • Infrastructure Nuclear Site level Site description and lay-out • Satellite images • Open source plant description Buildings level Building description and use Building floors and rooms

  10. Function oriented view Breakdown Nuclear site level Installation level Facility level Process/Unit level Material Balance Area (MBA) Component level Key measurement points (KMP) Containment & Surveillance measures

  11. Function oriented view Data Nuclear site level Installation level Facility level Status Purpose Type... Physical Inventory Taking results Process/Unit level Material Balance Area (MBA) Design information Inventory changes Movements MBA report Component level Key measurement points (KMP) • Material/item • Type & procedure • Measurements Containment & Surveillance measures • Signal sources • Alarms

  12. Function oriented view Verification Nuclear site level Inspection reports (e.g. PIV) Installation level Facility level Status Purpose Type... Physical Inventory Taking results Process/Unit level Material Balance Area (MBA) Design information Inventory changes movements MBA report • Pictures • Inspection reports Component level Key measurement points (KMP) • Material/item • Type & procedure • measurements • Inspection reports • MUF calculations • Variance of MUF Containment & Surveillance measures • Signal sources • Alarms • Received signals • and alarms • Video scenes

  13. Operation oriented view Breakdown Nuclear site level Site level activity programme Facility level activity programme Notification of transfers

  14. Operation oriented view Data Nuclear site level Site level activity programme Overall production Facility level activity programme Operating/ refueling schedule Outages Notification of transfers Modifications Construction activities

  15. Operation oriented view Verification Nuclear site level Country production Energy needs Site level activity programme Overall production Satellite images Environmental samples Facility level activity programme Operating/ refueling schedule Outages Import/export receipts Notification of transfers Modifications Construction activities

  16. Conceptual scheme for site level assessment

  17. Platform • PC with Windows 98/NT • Use of COTS: • ESRI Arcview Version 3.2 as main GUI with ESRI-ERDAS Image Analysis extension • Links to tools of MS windows • Links to DBMS: e.g. Access, Oracle • Links with CAD software • Links with internet

  18. Satellite images SPIN, KVR-1000. GSD 2m IRS-1C, PAN sensor , GSD 5.8m IKONOS, PAN sensor , GSD 1 m

  19. Next steps • Further refinement of models • Development of fully operational pilot • application on Ispra site • Development of analysis procedures

  20. Potential link with environmental monitoring • Use of terrain data (e.g. digital elevation maps), meteorological data (e.g. prevailing wind fields) and dispersion models: • to visualise and characterise sampling points • to support location of best places for environmental monitoring • to trace back from environmental samples to point of release

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