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Heated IV Bag

University of Pittsburgh Senior Design – BioE 1160/1161. Heated IV Bag. Joe McFerron Ashley Danicic Justin Miller April 18, 2005 Mentor : Linda Huckenstein, R.N. Outline. Experimental Methods Results Discussion Future Acknowledgements. Background Economic Considerations

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Heated IV Bag

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  1. University of Pittsburgh Senior Design – BioE 1160/1161 Heated IV Bag Joe McFerron Ashley Danicic Justin Miller April 18, 2005 Mentor: Linda Huckenstein, R.N

  2. Outline • Experimental Methods • Results • Discussion • Future • Acknowledgements • Background • Economic Considerations • Problem Statement • Design Description • Human Factors & Safety

  3. Background • Lavages are most frequently used to remove debris from an organ or cavity with repeated injections of solution. • Saline solution is heated • to increase circulation • reduce risk of infection • increase comfort of patient

  4. There is no current device that attaches to the IV bag which controls and monitors the solution temperature There is currently no cost effective way to produce a device on a large scale Information from medical personnel Heated saline for lavage would be a desirable feature to incorporate Problem Statement

  5. Heat Exchanger Bulky More expensive Needs internal pump in heat exchanger Microwave No temperature control PVC IV bag deforms at 135-180 degrees Temperature of solution decreases with time Problem Statement Current Methods

  6. Approximate Market (US) National Center for Health Statistics 2000; • 40 million inpatient, 31.5 million outpatient surgeries • Ear Surgeries: 878,000 • Nervous System Surgeries: 2.2 million • Nose, Mouth, and Pharynx Surgeries: 2.36 million • Cardiovascular System Surgeries: 6.8 million • Digestive System Surgeries: 12 million • Musculoskeletal System Surgeries: 7.4 million • Integumentary (Skin) System Surgeries: 3.7 million • Of these 71.5 million surgeries, • approximately 35.3 million were considered potential lavage situations

  7. Small Easy to assemble Easy to sterilize Flexible Cost effective Resistant to most liquids Accurate temperature control Adjust to fit various size bags Fast response Design Description • Functions • Attaches to IV bag • Control temperature of the solution • Measure temperature of the solution • Customer and Design Requirements

  8. Design Description Materials Selected: • Etched Foil Heater -etched foil resistive element • transfer heat more efficiently • uniform heat patterns • Kapton insulator • Excellent dielectric strength • Made for immersion in fluids • Resistant to most acids, solvents, and bases

  9. Design Description • Temperature Controller • Universal • LED Display • Accurately controls temperature • 0.1 degree resolution • Hysteresis control • Thermocouple • Platinum temperature sensing element • Temperature range (-50oC to 155oC) • Water resistant

  10. Proposed Solution • Heater • Dimensions • Actual = 6.9 ” x 9” • Power • Theoretical = 290 W • Actual = 326 W • Wraps around circumference of IV bag • Heat solution quickly (<10 min)

  11. Power Estimation • Based on these calculations • P operating = Pcd + Pr + Pcv • P warm up= mCp(Tf-Ti)/t • t is 10 minutes • It was determined that 290 W needed

  12. Design Verification Cross section of modeled bag after 11 min subject to 300W

  13. Strengths Price Heater (< $ 50) Thermocouple (< $15 ) Temperature Controller ( < $50) Adjust to different bag volumes No pressure pump needed Portable Weaknesses Inadequate insulation Possible uneven heat distribution No mixing Competitive Analysis

  14. Safety Resistant to Liquids / Prevent Electric Shock Thermocouple immersion in water Heater water-proof Burn Insulator cool to touch Leakage Bag deformation from heat Leaching PVC IV bag PVC tubing Human factors Ease of assembly Ease of use Heater adjusts to changing volume of bag Protection from burn Safety and Human Factors

  15. Prototype + + Thermofoil Heater Temperature controller Thermocouple

  16. How it works Temperature Sensor – feedback control Temperature Controller IV Bag Heating Element 120 V

  17. Experimental Methods Verification Testing • Test Setup • 1-liter Saline Bag • Thermocouple placed 1cm from bottom of bag • Heating element attached securely to bottom portion of bag • Full power (120 V) used • Recorded time-series of thermocouple

  18. Results • Reached body temperature in 6.5 min • Only ±1oC fluctuation in temperature

  19. Results

  20. Criteria for Success

  21. Future • Better method for thermocouple insertion • IV port insertion • Better method for attaching heater to bag • Insulator added around heater to prevent (user) burn • Customize circuitry to cut down on controller cost

  22. Acknowledgements • Drs. Hal Wrigley and Linda Baker • Department of BioEngineering

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