Lab 02:

1. Lab 02: Windows Operating System

2. Objectives Develop a good understanding of • The role of an operating system in a computer system • Services provided by an operating system and have some hands on experience in • Understanding windows desktop user interface • Configuring the Windows operating system using control panel • Managing hardware, software, and users • Managing folders and files Windows Operating System

3. What is an Operating System? • An operating system is a system software that • Controls the system’s hardware • Interacts with the user (user interface) • Interacts with application software • Operating System is among the first software that starts executing when we turn the computer ON. Windows Operating System

4. Operating Systems (Cont.) • DOS (Disk Operating System) is one of the first operating systems for the personal computers. DOS used command line interface • Modern operating systems like WINDOWS XP/VISTA and MAC OS use Graphical User Interface (GUI) • GUI of an Operating system as it appears on the monitor screen is also called “desktop” Windows Operating System

5. Operating Systems (Cont.) • An operating system performs the following functions • Provides instructions to display the on-screen elements with which users interact • Loads application programs into the computer memory so that users can use them • Coordinates interaction of programs with CPU, RAM, keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, storage, other hardware and software • Manages the way information is stored on and retrieved from disks • Provides a basic level of security through user ID and password • … Windows Operating System

6. Operating Systems (Cont.) • WINDOWS XP operating system • Windows desktop (Next slide) Windows Operating System

7. Windows Desktop User Interface Windows Operating System

8. Windows Desktop User Interface (Cont.) • Various elements of desktop • Start button --- provides access to programs, documents, system settings, and help • Quick launch toolbar --- gives one click access to frequently used programs • Icons and shortcuts --- double click on an icon or shortcut gives access to the object it represents • Recycle Bin • The desktop provides a work area where programs and files appear in windows Windows Operating System

9. Windows Desktop User Interface (Cont.) • Recycle Bin • The Recycle bin is a place where you put garbage. • When you delete a file from your computer, it is sent to the Recycle bin. • It stays in the Recycle bin until you empty the recycle bin or until the Recycle bin becomes full. • The files you delete from the removable drives are not sent to the Recycle bin. • We will see more in exercise… Windows Operating System

10. Windows desktop user interface (Cont.) • Managing your Taskbar • The taskbar contains the start menu. • It contains a notification area. • Any windows or applications that are open or minimized are also show up in the taskbar. • The start menu in the taskbar is the gateway to most windows components and applications • Demo on managing the task bar. Windows Operating System

11. Windows desktop user interface (Cont.)Using Start menu Windows Operating System

12. Windows desktop user interface (Cont.) • Using Start menu • Log off • Windows XP is a multi-user operating system. It allows more than one user to use the same computer. • In Windows XP ,all the settings and documents of a user are tied with the user. • Choosing Log Off from the Start button results in a Log Off Window with two options • Switch User • Log Off • Choosing Log Off option enables the user to log off the computer without restarting • Choosing Switch User option lets another log on while the current users program and files remain open Windows Operating System

13. Windows desktop user interface (Cont.) • Using Start menu • Restarting or Turning off the ComputerIn order to shutdown or restart your computer, click the Start menu and then click Turn Off Computer. A dialog box appears with three options. • Stand ByThis setting saves all your current desktop settings to your hard disk and then powers down the computer. When you start the computer again you return to the same applications and files you were working on • Turn OffThis option shuts down the Windows XP safely • Restart This option shuts down the computer safely and restarts the computer immediately. Windows Operating System

14. Windows desktop user interface (Cont.) • Other components of the Start Menu • All Programs • Quick access to files, recently used documents, system settings, Internet, printers, and help • Control Panel Control Panel is a collection of tools for customizing Windows system settings so that users can work efficiently Windows Operating System

15. Manage you Computer with Control Panel • The Control Panel gives various tools that allow you to determine how various components of Windows XP look and act. • If you click Start and then click Control Panel you will get the control panel window Windows Operating System

16. Control panel • You can view the control panel in two ways • Category view Windows Operating System

17. Control panel • Classic view Windows Operating System

18. Control panel • In the Category view you get only the most common tools. If you want to view all the control panel tools you have to switch to the Classic view. Windows Operating System

19. Date and Time • The date and time icon in the control panel allows you to set your operating system’s clock. • When you double click the icon you see a simple window interface • You can change the date by simply using the drop menu. • You can change the time by using the scroll buttons. • You can set the time zone you are in through the time zone tab. • The internet time option allows you to synchronize your computer with an internet time server to make sure that your computer always has the exact time Windows Operating System

20. More Control panel tools • Common Control Panel tools • Accessibility option • Display • Folder options • Fonts • Keyboard • Mouse • Sounds and Audio devices. • Regional and language options. • User Accounts. Windows Operating System

21. Managing Folders and Files • File is a collection of data that has a name and is stored on computer storage (disk, tape, CD, DVD, or USB) • Two categories of files • Executable files An executable file is a program that tells computer how to perform specific task • Data filesA data file contains words, numbers, pictures, or voice that can be manipulated Windows Operating System

22. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • File name • Each file on a computer must be given a unique name • In Windows, a file name can contain as many as 255 characters • File extension • A file extension is a set of characters added to a file name to indicate the type of the file, e.g. .doc, .ppt, .pdf • Folder • A folder (also called “directory”) is a group of files for easy retrieval. Each folder has a unique name • A folder can contain other folders, called “subfolders” • Path --- a device letter, folder name, file name, and extension, for example c:\Documents\Lab02.ppt Windows Operating System

23. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • Typical operations on files and folders include • Create, Delete, and Rename files and folders • Folder sharing • Folder compression • Copying a file or a folder • Restoring files or folders • Backup important files • Reorganizing files in folders • Associating files with applications Windows Operating System

24. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • Create, Delete, and Rename folders • To create folder: • Open the folder that you want to create a new folder in, such as ‘My Document’ or just ‘C drive’. • Click the File menu, point to New and then click Folder. • A new folder appears. • Press the BACKSPACE key and type the desired name for the folder. • To delete a folder: • You can delete a folder by right-clicking the folder name or icon and clicking delete. Windows Operating System

25. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • To rename a folder: • Right click on the folder or file name or icon and click Rename. • Then press the BACKSPACE key and type the desired name. Windows Operating System

26. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • Using Folder Menus • The windows XP folders contains the following menus. • File • Edit • View • Favorites • Tools • Help • Now let us have a demonstration of the above menus. Windows Operating System

27. Organizing Files and Folders • Guidelines • Use descriptive names for files and folders • The first level under a device should contain only folders not files. • Whenever possible, store your files in your personal folders • Create sub folders of your personal folder to group files logically • Try not to store your data files in the same folders that contain program/software. • Delete unneeded files and folders. Windows Operating System

28. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • Folder sharing • Windows XP contains networking capabilities. It allows users to share a folder with other users on the network. • Note: You can share folders but cannot share individual files • You can share any folder by just right-clicking the folder, clicking properties and then clicking the sharing tab. • Select Share this folder on the network check box. • If you want other users to change the files in the shared folder then check box “Allow network users to change my files”. Windows Operating System

29. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • Folder compression • To compress a file or folder on an NTFS drive • Open My Computer. • Double-click a drive or folder. • Right-click the file or folder you want to compress, and then click Properties. • On the General tab, click Advanced. • Select the Compress contents to save disk space check box, and then click OK. • In the Properties dialog box, click OK. Windows Operating System

30. Managing folders and files (Cont..) • Folder compression • In Confirm Attribute Changes, select the option you want. • Notes • To open My Computer, click Start, and then click My Computer. • You can only use NTFS compression for files and folders on drives formatted as NTFS. If the Advanced button does not appear, the file or folder you selected is not on an NTFS drive. • If you move or copy a file into a compressed folder, it is compressed automatically. Windows Operating System

31. Manage Hardware • Plug and play • Plug and Play: The feature of the operating system which can detect any hardware change and attempts to install it is called Plug and Play. • Windows XP is a plug and play operating system. • The hardware device you are trying to install must also support plug and play to be detected by the operating system. Windows Operating System

32. Manage Hardware (Cont..) • Installing a Plug and Play device • Shutdown Windows XP and switch off your computer. • Attach the new device to the correct slot or port. • If the device is an internal device unplug the power cable before removing the cover. • After attaching the new device turn on the computer. • Windows XP will automatically detect the hardware and install it if the driver software is available in the drive database. • Otherwise it will prompt you to specify the location of the driver. There on you just have to follow the prompt. Windows Operating System

33. Manage Hardware (Cont..) • Removing a Plug and Play device. • Shutdown the computer and remove the device. • When you reboot the computer Windows XP will detect the change automatically and removes the internal software and driver Windows Operating System

34. Manage Hardware (Cont..) • Installing a Non Plug and Play device • If you need to install any Non-Plug-and-Play device, use the following procedure. • Go to Control Panel. • Click Add hardware icon. • Click next on the welcome screen. • Make your selection and click next. • If Windows does not find the device or you want to select from the list, the hardware Types window appears. Select the type of the hardware you want to install and click next. • Depending on the type of device you select, a new wizard may appear. You can also click the have disk button to specify the location of the driver. • Follow any additional screens that may appear and click Finish. Windows Operating System

35. Manage Hardware (Cont..) • Using Device Manager • All devices installed or attached to your computer can be managed from a tool called Device Manager. • To access the device manager do the following procedure. • Right click My Computer and then click Properties. • Click the Hardware Tab. • Click the Device Manager button to open it. • You can also access the Device Manager using the Computer Management tool found in the Control Panel  Administrative tools • Demo Windows Operating System

36. Device Manager Windows Operating System

37. Manage Hardware (Cont..) • Examine a device’s properties • Select a particular device for which you want to examine the property in the Device manager. • Right-click the device and click Properties. • In the Properties window what you see may vary according to the device. • But the three basic tabs are General, Driver, and Resources. • Now let us have demonstration for each tab. Windows Operating System

38. The General tab Windows Operating System

39. Driver Tab Windows Operating System

40. Resources tab Windows Operating System

41. Version of Windows XP • It is useful to know the edition, version and service pack of the OS installed in your PC. Windows Operating System

42. Assignment # 1 • Make a list of some primary operating systems used on personal computers. • Submit your answer through WebCT before next week’s lab.