1 / 16

Structures, Processes, and Responses of Plants

Structures, Processes, and Responses of Plants. By Michelle A. O’Malley League Academy of Communication Arts 2006-2007.

emmanuel-parsons
Download Presentation

Structures, Processes, and Responses of Plants

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Structures, Processes, and Responses of Plants By Michelle A. O’Malley League Academy of Communication Arts 2006-2007

  2. Compare the characteristic structures of various groups of plants (including vascular or nonvascular, seed or spore-producing, flowering or cone-bearing, and monocot or dicot) Standard: 6-2.3

  3. Essential Questions and Vocabulary for Standard 6-2.3 • Characteristics of Plants: • Essential Questions: What characteristics do all plants share? • Unit Vocabulary: multi-cellular, eukaryotes, and autotrophs • Taxonomy of the Plant Kingdom • Essential Questions: How is the plant kingdom classified? • Unit Vocabulary: non-vascular, vascular, spore producing, seed producing, gymnosperm, and angiosperm • Characteristics of seed plants and gymnosperms • Essential Questions: 1) What are the characteristics of seed plants? 2) What are the characteristics of gymnosperms? • Unit Vocabulary: xylem, phloem, seeds, monocot, dicot, and cones

  4. Unit Vocabulary • Multi-cellular – a type of organism that is made up of many cells • Eukaryotes – organisms with cells that contain nuclei and other cell structures • Autotroph – an organism that makes its own food • Non-vascular – a low-growing plant that lacks vascular tissue • Vascular – a plant that has vascular tissue • Spore-producing – plants that produce spores for reproduction (ferns and mosses) • Seed-producing – plants that produce seeds (gymnosperms and angiosperms) • Gymnosperm – a plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed by a protective covering • Angiosperm – a plant that produces seeds that are enclosed in a protective structure • Xylem – a vascular tissue through which water and nutrients move in some plants • Phloem – the vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants • Seed – the plant structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering • Monocot – an angiosperm that has only one seed leaf • Dicot – an angiosperm that has two seed leaves • Cone – the reproductive structure of a gymnosperm

  5. Plant Kingdom • Organisms in the Plant Kingdom are classified into groups based on specific structures • All plants included in this kingdom are then broken down into smaller divisions(or phyla) based on several characteristics, for example: • Nonvascular and vascular plants: Plants that can circulate fluids (like rainwater) through their bodies (vascular) or need to absorb them from the moisture that surrounds them (nonvascular) • Spore-producing and seed producing plants: How they reproduce – by spores or different kinds of seeds • Cone-bearing and flowering plants: Whether they produce seeds in cones or in flowers • Monocot and dicot plants • Monocot plants are angiosperms that have only one seed leaf • Dicot plants are that have two seed leaves

  6. Plant Kingdom: Nonvascular Plants • Nonvascular plants are plants that cannotcirculate rainwater through their stems and leaves but must absorb it from the environment that surrounds them. • These plants do not have true roots, stems, or leaves and are usually small in size because they do not have vascular tissue to carry substances within the plant. • They are an important foundation plant for the forest ecosystem and they help prevent erosion by carpeting the forest floor • Examples of nonvascular plants are: Mosses, Liverworts, and hornworts

  7. Plant Kingdom: Vascular Plants • Vascular Plants are the largest group in the plant kingdom • These plants have true roots, stems, and leaves. • The stems of these plants can either be woody, for example trees and many shrubs, or herbaceous, for example grasses, dandelions, or tomato plants • Vascular plants also have tube-like structures that provide support and help circulatewater and food throughout the plant.

  8. Stem K-W-L

  9. How are stems classified? STEMS HERBACEOUSSTEMS: SOFT STEMS SUCH AS DANDELIONS, PEPPERS, AND TOMATO PLANTS WOODY STEMS: HARD AND RIGID SUCH AS MAPLE TREES, PINE TREES, AND ROSES

  10. http://www.home.aone.net.au/~byzantium/ferns/about.html Plant Kingdom: Spore-producing Plants • Spore-producing plants are plants that produce spores for reproduction instead of seeds. • Spores are much smaller than seeds • Almost all flowerless plants produce spores • Examples include mosses and ferns http://www.backyardnature.net/mosses.htm

  11. Plant Kingdom: Seed-producing Plants • Seed-producing plants are plants that reproduce through seeds • Seed plants make their own seeds • From those seeds – new plants grow • There are two major groups of seed-producing plants: • Cone-bearing plants • Flowering plants

  12. http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/ecotree/flowers/cones.htm Plant Kingdom: Seed-producing Cone-bearing Plants • Cone-bearing plants are the largest and most diverse group of seed-producing plants • Most cone-bearing plants are evergreen plants • In addition, to having cones, conifers are trees or shrubs that never have flowers and that have needle-like leaves

  13. Plant Kingdom: Seed-producingFlowering Plants • A vast majority of plants belong to this category; for example, most trees, shrubs, vines, flowers, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. • Flowering plants differ from conifers because they grow their seeds inside an ovary, which is embedded in a flower • The flower then becomes a fruit containing the seeds • In the seeds of flowering plants, food is stored in one or two “seed leaves” called Cotyledons

  14. http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPLANTANATII.htmlhttp://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPLANTANATII.html Plant Kingdom: Monocot Plants • monocots have seed leaves with one food storage area • Flowers of monocots have either three petals or multiples of three • The leaves of monocots are long and slender with veins that are parallel to each other • The vascular tube structures are usually scattered randomly throughout the stem • Examples include plants for example grass, corn, rice, lilies, and tulips.

  15. http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPLANTANATII.htmlhttp://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPLANTANATII.html Plant Kingdom: Dicot Plants • Dicots have seed leaves with two storage areas • Flowers of dicots have either fouror fivepetals or multiples of these numbers • The leaves are usually wide with veins that branch off from each other • The vascular tube structures are arranged in a circle within the stem • Examples include roses, dandelions, maple, and oak trees

  16. Work Cited • Science Explorer: From Bacteria to Plants by Jan Jenner, Ph.D., Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 2000. • Greenville County Schools Science Curriculum Support Guide

More Related