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Asphyxia

Asphyxia. Dr S Rossouw 2013. Definition . Asphyxia = occlusion of airways. The Various Entities. Suffocating/Smothering Decr oxygen External Mechanical Occlusion Choking: Occlusion of internal airways Strangulation: Instrumental Manual (Throttling) Hanging: Body mass.

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Asphyxia

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  1. Asphyxia Dr S Rossouw 2013

  2. Definition • Asphyxia = occlusion of airways

  3. The Various Entities • Suffocating/Smothering • Decr oxygen • External Mechanical Occlusion • Choking: • Occlusion of internal airways • Strangulation: • Instrumental • Manual (Throttling) • Hanging: • Body mass

  4. Related entities • Bolus death: • Laryngopharynx • Reflex cardiac arrest • Aspiration (v. Choking) • Gastric contents, meconium • Foreign material • Gassing (v. smothering) • NB: CO, cyanide • < O2 >CO2 • Traumatic asphyxia: • Fixation of thorax

  5. Autopsy findings • Blood-free field dissection of neck • Petechial haemorrhages • Subconjunctival congestion • Lung signs: • Congestion • Peri-arterial haemorrhages • Interstitial haemorrhages • Oedema • Signs of injury to the neck surface • Injury of deeper neck structures (including vascular and laryngeal) • Vertebral / spinal cord injury • General congestion • Other injuries (thorax)

  6. Mechanism of death: • Acute neurogenic cardiac arrest • Cerebral anoxia • General hypoxia/anoxia

  7. Immersion/Drowning • True drowning • Other causes of death

  8. Immersion/Drowning • Washerwoman • Froth • PM trauma

  9. Mechanism of death • Volume disturbances • Electrolyte disturbance

  10. Photos • Smothering • Gagging • Traumatic asphyxia • Hanging • Choking • Strangulation • Drowning • Internal signs

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