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Astronomy, OFotU. The String Landscape & Multiverse, The Anthropic Principle, and Anselm’s Ontological Argument. Dr. Gerald B. Cleaver Wheaton College 26 Mar 2008. Outline. Intro to String Theory Landscape of String Theory Anthropic Principle
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Astronomy, OFotU The String Landscape & Multiverse, The Anthropic Principle, and Anselm’s Ontological Argument Dr. Gerald B. Cleaver Wheaton College 26 Mar 2008
Outline • Intro to String Theory • Landscape of String Theory • Anthropic Principle • Anselm’s Ontological Argument
500 Physicists seeking Einstein’s final goal the Theory of Everything (Physical) Scientific Understanding of Universe Sought in String (M) Theory
Science Fiction has become Science • Extra Dimensions (7 to be exact) • Parallel Universes (at least 1 + maybe a few more) • Multiple Universes (perhaps ~ 10100 to 500) • Warped Spacetime • Time before Time • Future for the Universe
String Theory implies nature of reality & existence is more complex … more beautiful … yet more simple … then ever imagined before!
Visible Universe 13.7 billion light years In diameter = 8 x1022 mi trillion galaxies, trillion stars per galaxy
Particles & ForcesLike Notes on a Violin String B A ♪♫ ♪♫ C D G ♪♫ ♪♫ ♪♫ ♪♫ E F
String Interactions consistent w/ Relativity Astronomy, OFotU
Quantum MechanicsRequires String Theory w/9 + 1 Dimensional Spacetime Astronomy, OFotU
Strings have two vibrations – CW & CCW Spin = # of Vibrations in our 3+1 Dim. Spacetime Gravitons = Spin 2 Particles = Strings w/ both vibes in 3+1 Dim S-T Photons, Gluons, W+,-, Z (non-grav. force part.) = Spin 1 Particles = Strings w/ 1 vibe in 3+1 Dim S-T & 1 vibe in 6 Dim Comp Space SUSY- Matter = Spin 0 Particles = Strings w/ both vibes in 6 Dim Comp Space
9 Dim 3 Large Dim + 6 Compact Dim Products of 6 Circular Directions Forming Spherical Toroidal or Too Simple!
too simple to result in Either the matter particles that exist … Sean Carroll, From the Universe to the Laboratory, http://pancake.uchicago.edu/~carroll
Or the force carrying particles … So more complex shapes investigated … S. Carroll, http://pancake.uchicago.edu/~carroll
RequireCalabi-Yau Compactification Shape from 6 Compactified Dimensions 2 Dim Surface C-Y Surface—Need to extend to 6 Dim
Energy Modes R. Brandenberger jpierre
String Duality R. Brandenberger
Finite Initial Size and Temperature of Universe R. Brandenberger
Nagging Problem for 1st Decade (1985-95):Not Just 1 10-Dimensional String Theory But 5! www.sukidog.com/jpierre/strings/
Solution: Duality (Equality) of All 5 String Theories www.sukidog.com/jpierre/strings/
Each ‘Theory” is SAME THEORY IN DIFFERENTMATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE א O Ω Й ڜ www.sukidog.com/jpierre/strings/
www.sukidog.com/jpierre/strings/ Membrane String w/ 10 Dim w/ 11 Dim
Two 9-brane “Universes”= “Us & Them”and extra dimension between R. Brandenberger
Compactify 6 of the 9 Spatial Directions of each Brane as Before
Effective 5-Dimensional Theory Horava et al.
Size of 5th Dimension? 10-33 cm < y < 0.1 mm Horava et al.
Tests for sub-mm.directions Fgrav = -Gm1m2/r2 -Gm1m2/r2+n 1/r2 form of gravity being tested. Standard gravity verified down to 0.15 mm at Univ. of Wash. with 97% confidence level
Manufacturing of Stringy Blackholes! • If sub-mm. dimension then it may be possible to produce gravitons and mini-black holes (with peco-second half-lives) at Fermilab & CERN this decade! • Mini-black holes have distinct decays —easily identifiable! • Black Holes Detectors for Fermilab and CERN
Single Event Astronomy, OFotU Astronomy, OFotU Cyclical Events
The colliding Branes would not remain perfectly flat as they approach each other due to quantum effects. Big Bang Inflations occurs in bumps on Branes that collide first. Multiple, separated, Big Bang regions might have been formed from distinct collision points of Branes! Multiple universes on our Brane besides 1+ Parallel Branes along an extra spatial direction
Present view of universe from Milky Way You are here ↓
Future view of universe from Milky Way, in ~ 1 Trillion Years
