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Jim Dangerfield Executive Vice President

“Nanotech 101” for Foresters – What does the future hold? Alberta Professional Foresters 21 st Annual General Meeting June 25, 2009 Edmonton, Alberta. Jim Dangerfield Executive Vice President. NSF Expert Panel.

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Jim Dangerfield Executive Vice President

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  1. “Nanotech 101” for Foresters – What does the future hold?Alberta Professional Foresters21st Annual General MeetingJune 25, 2009Edmonton, Alberta Jim Dangerfield Executive Vice President

  2. NSF Expert Panel “The effect of nanotechnology on the health, wealth and standard of living for people in this century could be at least as significant as the combined influences of microelectronics, medical imaging, computer aided engineering and man-made polymers developed in the past century”.

  3. What is a Nanometer? Child 1 m Mountain 1 km 1000 m Ant 1 mm 0.001 m 0.001 km = 1 m 1,000 mm = 1 m Bacteria 1 µm 0.000001 m Sugar Molecule 1 nm 0.000000001 m 1,000,00 0 µm = 1 m 1,000,000,000 nm = 1 m

  4. Origins of Nanotechnology?

  5. Nanotechnology in Nature

  6. Optical Efficiency in ultra-thin Structures and Nanocellulose

  7. Nanotechnology in Art

  8. Buckminster Fullerene – C60

  9. Nanotubes

  10. Nanotubes

  11. Nanoropes

  12. Is the nano-world different? The nanoworld Classical Mechanics (Everyday Physics) Quantum Mechanics (Wave Physics) 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Length Scale (nm)

  13. Nano changes physical properties Melting point - 1064 C

  14. Nano changes colour Bulk Gold = Yellow Nanogold = Red

  15. Nano changes colour

  16. Nano changes opacity

  17. Nano changes opacity

  18. Nano changes adherence

  19. Nano changes strength

  20. Nano changes strength Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils Relative to Metallic and Polymeric Materials MATERIAL Tensile Strength (MPa) Elasticity Modulus (GPa) Cellulose nanofibrils 10 000 150 302 Stainless steela 1280 210 Aluminium alloys 380 and LM6b 330 71 Zirconiac 240 150 Aluminium with 20% particulate SiCd 593 121 Low-density polyethylenee 9 0.25 Nylon 6/6 30% glass filledd 186 9 0/90/ ±45 carbon in epoxyf 503 65

  21. Nano changes porosity

  22. Nano kills cancer Closeup of nanoshell binding to carcinoma surface oncoproteins Carcinoma cells Tumor capillary Nanoshell BNCs + near IR light = Carcinoma cell death “Leaky” endothelium Cell light + Celldeath Nanoshell BNC

  23. Nano in the everyday world

  24. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways Over 1.5 Trillion Tonnes/Year Cellulose

  25. Origin of Forest Sector Nanotechnology crystalline region microfibril : amorphous region acid hydrolysis H2SO4 TEM image of cotton nanocrystals

  26. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways Nanocrystalline Cellulose Smallest physical subunit of cellulose Crystallite dimensions, 200 nm long, 10 nm wide

  27. NCC Extraction • Any cellulose source can be used • Separated fines or vessel elements could be converted to a high value NCC stream • The hydrolyzate can be used as a sugar source for ethanol production

  28. Native Cellulose NanoCrystals 1. Gray, Chem Eur, 2001. 2. Gray, Biomac, 2005.

  29. Nano changes physical properties 1% 5% 7% 100%

  30. Nano changes adherence Gecko NCC

  31. Nano changes colour

  32. Nano changes colour

  33. Achieved: Mixed NCC suspensions • Only 2 NCC suspensions are needed to generate any intermediate colour • Targeted applications: • cosmetics • ink • coloured films on solid support

  34. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways Achieved: Strong flexible films with tunable colour Nanocrystalline Cellulose

  35. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways With Nanocrystalline cellulose : A new highly filled “paper” sheet NCC layer density: 1.6 g/cm3 glossy and iridescent glossy, white Nanoclay layer density: 2.6 g/cm3 NCC Nanoclay RMS roughness=2.1nm RMS roughness=24.7nm 50% NCC+50% nanoclay, NCC side Gloss: 75.2% 50% NCC+50% nanoclay, Nanoclay side Gloss: 42.5%

  36. NCC in paints • NCC forms natural flakes • Mica flakes are used in paints • Mica flakes sell for $8000/t • P&G interested in replacing mica flakes with NCC

  37. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways Hydrophobic wood surface Enhancing wood properties using nanotechnology • A surface hardening process • Surface hardness improved up to 40% • Will maintain the current product price level for the next 5 years • Plasma technologies for Wood Products present potential for new properties • Outdoor uses • Non-Residential applications • Cutting tools

  38. Mechanical Properties • Marks, Cell wall mechanics of tracheids1967 • Sturcova, et al. (2005) Biomacromol. 6, 1055 • Yu, et al Science (2000) 287, 637

  39. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways Combining Carbon Nanotubes with Nanocrystalline Cellulose? Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used in baseball bats, tennis racquets, and some car parts because of their greater mechanical strength at less weight per unit volume than that of conventional materials. Electronic properties of CNTs have made them a candidate for flat panel displays in TVs, batteries, and other electronics. Nanotubes for various uses can be made of materials other than carbon.

  40. Using the Forest Resource in New Ways Combining Carbon Nanotubes with Nanocrystalline Cellulose?

  41. Save the Planet – Grow More Trees – Use More Wood Thank You

  42. www.fpinnovations.ca

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