By samah alfar0127943

1. By samah alfar0127943

2. Out line • Family Definition • Types of Families • Family Functions • Family Values • Family Life-style • Family dynamics • Calgary Family Assessment Model(CFAM • Family Roles • Family and nurse • Conclusion- summary- article

3. objective At the end of this seminar the student will be able to Define family define family type definevalu

4. Family • Social system of two or more people • Define themselves as a family • Share bonds of emotional closeness

5. DEFINITIONS OF THE FAMILY • A social unit interacting with the larger society (Johnson, 1984) • A primary group of people living in a household proximity and intimate relationship (Helvic, 1981)

6. ACCORDING TO STUART (1991) FAMILY HAS FIVE CRITICAL ATTRIBUTES • The family is a system or unit • Its members may or may not be related or may or may not live together • The unit may or may not contain children • There is commitment and attachment among unit members that include future obligation • The unit care-giving functions consist of protection, nourishment, and socialization of its members.

7. Types of Families • Nuclear Family. • Joint Family. • Reconstituted families. • Single-parent families.

8. Nuclear • Nuclear conjugal: husband, wife, and children • Nuclear dyads: married couple without children under 18 living in home • Children may be biological or adopted • Dual-earner: two working parents with or without children • Found in all societies. • Authority and decision making power lies with the husband (head of the family). • Wife has the role of rearing children. • Changing trend: wife is also having participation in generating family income and decision making. • Influence on family matter by relatives is negligible.

9. Joint Family (Extended) • Include family members other than spouses or children. • Husband wife children + uncles aunts cousins and grand children. • May include stepkin • Share expenses and tasks • Live in close proximity and provide mutual support. • Joint Family Also called extended family system. • Have representatives of three or four generations.

10. Reconstituted families • Reconstituted families Divorced or widowed adults with new spouse, step children

11. Single-parent • Most common family served by community health nurse • Consists of adult woman or man and children

12. Stepfamilies • Two adults, at least one of whom has remarried • Can include children from previous marriage • Can include children from the new marriage

13. Grandparent-headed • Older person or grandparent is head of household • Comprise approximately 7% of U.S. families • Many factors contribute to grandparent-headed families

14. Foster • At least one adult and one or more foster children • Children placed by the court system • May contain the adult’s own biological or adopted children • Higher incidence of mental disorders in foster children

15. HierarchicalSystems

16. FAMILY FUNCTIONS • The family acts to achieve a balance between individuals needs and family needs and family goals; this is accomplished through family function.

17. Three decades ago, The functions of the family were delineated as: • Social • Reproduction • Economic • Cooperation and sexual relation

18. Today, The focus has expanded to include: • Affection • Security • Identity • Seek of belonging • Socialization, and • Control functions

19. FAMILY VALUES ARE APPARENT IN RELATION TO THEIR VIEWS • Recreation in practice perspective • Education in practice perspective • Health in practice perspective

20. RECREATION • All members included priorities. • EDUCATION • Exciting • Important • Threatened by teacher • Teacher → Friends • Teachers → Authority figures • FAMILY HEALTH PRACTICES: • Nutritional status • Recreation • Exercise activities • Sleeping patterns • Use health resources

21. FAMILY LIFE-STYLE • CERTAIN ASPECTS OF THE WAY A FAMILY CONDUCTS ITS • Day-to-day living, • Communication patterns, • Decision making abilities • Process • Person • Crisis responses, and • Values and attitudes toward health. • Don't forget that there are differences between your perception and the family perceptions

22. FAMILY DYNAMICS • Balance of power and division of labor (roles) • If imbalance effect occurs, then • Divorce • Run away • Violence

23. CALGARY FAMILY ASSESSMENT MODEL (CFAM ) THREE MAJOR CATEGORIES: • Family Structural Assessment • Family Developmental Assessment • Family Functional Development

24. 1. FAMILY STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT Internal Structure Family composition: all members of household as defined by the family Rank order : position of children in family with respect to age Subsystems: smaller clusters within family e.g. husband-wife Boundary: to protect the differentiation of subsystems, may be clear, diffuse, rigid.( who participate &how)

25. * EXTERNAL STRUCTURE • Culture • Religion • Social class • Environment • Extended family (origin)

26. STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT TOOLS • The genogram and the ecomap are two tools that are particularly helpful. • The nurse uses them in outlining the family's internal and external structures.

27. GENOGRAM • Is a diagram of the family, it shows the structure of intergenerational relationships ECOMAP • Is a diagram of the family's contact with others outside of the immediate family. • It pictures the important connections between the family and the world.

28. KEYS

29. BLANK GENOGRAM

30. SAMPLEFAMILY GENOGRAM.

31. Sample Family Ecomap.

32. SAMPLE ON ECOMAP

33. 2.FAMILY DEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENT • Instrumental functioning • Expressive Functioning

34. 3. FAMILY FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT 1. INSTRUMENTAL FUNCTIONING • Daily living • Eating • Sleeping • Preparing meals • Changing dressing • Injection

35. 2. EXPRESSIVE FUNCTIONING • Emotional communication • Verbal communication • Nonverbal communication • Circular communication • Problem-Solving • Roles • Control (money, vocations) • Beliefs • Alliances (focus on the directionality, balance of the relationships between family members)

36. Family Developmental Assessment Stages Tasks Attachments

37. STAGES • Marriage: the joining of families • Families with infants • Families with preschoolers • Families with school children • Families with teen agers • Middle-aged families • Aging families

38. Nursing Focus • Identify/assess family stage • Assess degree that family has achieved developmental task • Assess family engagement in action that promotes accomplishment of developmental tasks

39. Why Nurses Work with Families • To reduce the factors that damage health. • To enhance good health and well being. • To strengthen self-care and coping.

40. What do Nurses Offer to Families • Health promotion. • Disease prevention and early detection. • Home care.

41. Health System Considerations Family attitudes toward health and response to illness Access to and use of health care services

42. Family Crisis • Occurs when family faces a seemingly-insolvable problem

43. Types of Family Crises • Situational • Family experiences an event that is sudden, unexpected, and unpredictable • Maturational • Normal transition point • Exchange old patterns and roles for new

44. Current Trends Affecting Family Structures and Functions inJordan • Big family size. • Increasing access to education for women. • Delaying marriage. • Poverty and widening the gap between the rich and poor. • Increasing rates of divorce. • Changing and blurring of gender role. • Growing women’s employment. • Awareness of domestic violence.

45. CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILIES • Don't forget that each family is unique • At the same time, every family is like every other family

46. Certain Common Characteristics Are: • Every family is a small social system • Every family has its own cultural values and rules • Every family has structure • Every family has certain basic functions • Every family move through stages in its life cycle

47. CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY FAMILIES • A healthy family is a well-functioning family. • Though, analysis of family in terms of how it meets the basic functions is not enough to give a picture of its health status. • One means of viewing family health is by examining family strength ; seven ( 7 ) majors ones: • Family Pride ( الإعتزاز ) • Family Support ( الدعم ) • Cohesion ( الإلتحام ) • Adaptability • Religious Orientation • Communication • Social Support

48. CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY FAMILIES • The literature on families describes health families as having six important characteristics: • Healthy families were described as having six important characteristics. • There is a Facilitative process of interaction among the family members. • They enhance individual member development. • Their relationships are structured effectively. • They actively attempt to cope with the problems. • They have a healthy home environment and life-style. • They establish regular links with broader community.

49. A CULTURAL ASSESSMENT WOULD INCLUDE LET THE FAMILY DEFINE HEALTH • The family's definition of health and illness • The family's approach to health maintenance and a disease prevention • Family's beliefs regarding illness-cure treatment * Folk medicine • Cultural preference related to food • Degree of identification with cultural group • Family functioning. • Child rearing practices • Values regarding and • space

50. Family-focused Interventions • Primary prevention-aggregate level • Advocate • Environmental protection • Social justice • Availability of health promotion and illness prevention services • Teach coping skills