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Human Sexuality. Gender Sex Roles Orientation. X, Y, and …. Physiology of Sex. Chromosomes determine physical gender Development of sex organs Influenced by hormones in the womb XX chromosomes = female XY chromosomes = male Exceptions to the rule
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Human Sexuality • Gender • Sex Roles • Orientation
X, Y, and …. Physiology of Sex • Chromosomes determine physical gender • Development of sex organs • Influenced by hormones in the womb • XX chromosomes = female • XY chromosomes = male • Exceptions to the rule • Androgen insensitivity (XY becomes female) • Hermaphroditism (XX becomes male)
Nature vs. Nurture the influence of genes • Sex hormones may influence “sex type” brain function • Proven to occur in lower animals • Research argues that “sex bias” in culture is the cause for difference in brain function http://www.sciam.com/
Gender Identity • Private sense of femaleness or maleness • Learned perception; determined by how one is “raised” • Becomes set by 3 or 4 years old http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/toddlers/
http://www.iastate.edu/news/today/2000/dec/bowl/bowl3.html http://www.molenda.us/photos/tball-2004-06-05/ Gender/Sex Roles • The favored pattern of behavior expected of individuals on the basis of their gender • Cultural • Expected behaviors • Learned through “sex role socialization”
http://www.hoophall.com/halloffamers/PatheadSummitt.htm http://www.ashburtoncookeryschool.co.uk/cooking-for-men.html Androgyny • Possessing traits of both male & female genders (cultural sex roles) • Androgynous people are more adaptable!
Defining your own Sexuality • We all tend to be somewhat androgynous • Degrees may change during a lifetime • The focus of sexuality should be on behaviors, not the person! • Avoid stereotyping either sexuality
http://www.byucougars.com/Filing.jsp?ID=7775 http://www.photographybylois.com/ http://www.karnaval.org.il/ http://www.princeton.edu/dew/photo/people/pages/2%20girls.htm Sexual Orientation • Sexuality = sexual activity, expression of gender, sex role behavior, interaction with others. It is about all behaviors expressing “sex”. • Expression is required to develop intimate relations and to fulfill psychological needs of love and affection
Same Sex Opposite sex Homosexuality Heterosexuality Sexuality & Interactive Behavior Homosexuality: preferring to spend more time with and deriving more pleasure from activities with members of the same sex Heterosexuality: preferring to spend more time with and deriving more pleasure from activities with members of the opposite sex Add this line and terms to your own notes Indicate on the line who you spend most of your free time with