Ch. 22 Nutrients and Digestion

1. Ch. 22 Nutrients and Digestion 22-1 Nutrition Why is this important??

2. Why do we need to eat? What are items you think about when you pick something to eat? What are nutrients?

3. Nutrients • Are substances in foods that provide energy and materials for cell development

4. There are 6 classes of nutrients • Carbohydrates Ex: • Proteins Ex: • Fats Ex: • Vitamins Ex: • Minerals Ex: • Water Ex:

5. Carbohydrates • This is the main source of energy for the body • They’re the highest nutrient in our diet

6. Carbohydrates • Types: • Sugar • Simple sugar- easy to break down • Ex. Table sugar, fruits, honey, milk

7. Starch • Is complex but body breaks down into simple sugars • Ex. Potatoes, grains, and pastas

8. Cellulose • Complex and body can’t break down (doesn’t give you energy) • Ex. All vegetables have this

9. Proteins • These are used for growth, repairing, and replacing body’s cells • Found in meats (beef, chicken, pork), eggs, milk, dairy, and fish

10. Fats • Provide energy and help your body absorb some vitamins • Are stored in our body for reserve energy, cushion organs

11. Fats actually have more energy per gram than carbohydrates.

12. Fats • Types: • Unsaturated • Liquid at room temp. • Come from plants (oils- veg. corn, olive)

13. Saturated • Are solid at room temp. • Causes high levels of cholesterol (the found in blood)-can clog arteries- leading to heart attack or stroke • Found in meats

14. Vitamins • These help your body use the other nutrients, help promote growth, and regulate body functions

15. Are needed in small amounts • Found in a variety of foods- can easily get if you eat a well balanced diet (means eating fruits and vegetables)

16. Vitamins • Types: • Water-soluble • When placed in water, they dissolve. • Ex. Vit. Bs and Vit. C

17. Fat-soluble • When placed in fats, they dissolve. • Ex. Vit. A, D, E, K -Some vitamins are actually not good for you to get to much of can cause disease/disorder.

18. Minerals • These are actually chemical elements (found on the periodic chart) • Need around 14 to have health body/diet

19. Used to help chemical reactions, sending messages (through the nerves), and carrying O2 to the body cells • Ex. Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Iron

20. Water • After O2 water is the most important item for your body • Can survive a few weeks (depending on body type) without food and without water only a few days.

21. Most of the nutrients are carried throughout the body by water • Your weight = 60% water

22. Water • Water is loss every day by sweating, excretion, and respiration. • Breathing = 350 mL, Bathroom= 1950 mL, skin/sweat-500mL.

23. Being thirsty is already a sign that your body is dehydrated (meaning you don’t have enough water).

24. Everyday you loss water, so you need to drink 2L of liquids each day to replace these. (doesn’t have to be all water- water is in all liquids and in foods to)

25. Food Groups • Need to eat a variety of foods, due to 1 food group (food items that have the same nutrients in them) doesn’t have all nutrients needed for the body.

26. Food groups are easily seen on the Food Pyramid. • Usually with meals you are combining several food groups.

27. The End