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SOFT TISSUE CALCIFICATION

SOFT TISSUE CALCIFICATION. THE DEPOSITION OF CALCIUM SALTS, PRIMARILY CALCIUM PHOSPHATE  IN BONES UNORGANISED FASHION HETEROTOPIC CALCIFICATION. DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION IDIOPATHIC CALCIFICATION METASTATIC CALCIFICATION. DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION.

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SOFT TISSUE CALCIFICATION

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  1. SOFT TISSUE CALCIFICATION

  2. THE DEPOSITION OF CALCIUM SALTS, PRIMARILY CALCIUM PHOSPHATE  IN BONES UNORGANISED FASHION HETEROTOPIC CALCIFICATION

  3. DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION IDIOPATHIC CALCIFICATION METASTATIC CALCIFICATION

  4. DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION • Pathological calcification in degenerating & dead tissue • Serum cal & phos  NORMAL • Chronic inflammation / cyst • No sign or symptoms

  5. Residual cyst

  6. Calcified lymphnodes • Common cause TB • Asymptomatic • Sub mandibular/ cervical/ parotid • Post to ramus • Single, multiple, welldefined • No treatment

  7. Calcification in the tonsils • No signs & symptoms • Pain / swelling/ dysphagia Rare • More in older age • Middle of ramus • Single or multiple • Ill defined radioopacities

  8. Cysticercosis • Well defined / multiple/ elongated • Asymptomatic • Muscle of mastication & perioral tissues Larval form of pork tape worm Enter blood & lymphatics Distribute allover the body Die & calcify after 3 months

  9. Calcified blood vessels • Calcify arteriosclerosis • Deposition of calcium salts with in medial coat of vessels • Facial/ carotid/ iliac/ femoral arteries • Radioopaque outlines straight or tortuous • No treatment

  10. Calcified facial vein

  11. IDIOPATHIC CALCIFICATION • Deposition of calcium in normal tissue • Normal cal & phos levels • Sialolith • Phlebolith • Antrolith • Rhinolith

  12. Sialolith • Calcified mass in the duct • Common  Submandibular gland • Floor of the mouth swelling • Systemic cause  Gout • Irregular radioopaque • Sialography  non calcified stones

  13. Submandibular gland commonly involved: 80-90% PAROTID : 5-15% SUBLINGUAL : 2-5% Predisposing factors for sialolith • Inflammation • Ductal irregularities • Anticholinergic drugs

  14. SIALOLITHIASIS

  15. Sialolith

  16. Phleboliths • Calcification of older thrombi • In veins & hemangiomas • Periphery  Round & smooth THROMBUS GRANULATION TISSUE DEPOSITION OF CAL PHOSPHATE

  17. Laryngial calcification • Small paired triticeous cartilages • Consists of hyaline cartilage • Incidental radiographic finding • OPG  2-3mm of calcified thyroid cartilage is visible • No treatment

  18. RHINOLITH / ANTROLITHS Deposition of mineral salts around a nidus • Eteology : • Endogenous nidus/ root tip • Exogenous nidi  Rhinolith • Clinical feature: • Any age, asymptomatic/ blood stained nasal discharge/ facial pain • X-Ray: • Homogenous / heterogenous rediodensity • Alternating layer of lucent & opaque • Ragged or smooth borders • Round ,oval, irregular • Management : • Surgical removal

  19. METASTATIC CALCIFICATION Minerals precipitate in to nornal tissue as a result of Increased serum cal & phos • Bilaterally & symmetrical • Hyperparathyroidism • Chronic renal failure

  20. Hererotopic ossification The mineral is deposited in soft tissue as organized , well formed bone • Normal bone in abnormal location • Bone  trabeculae & fatty marrow • 1mm to several cm • Causes • Post traumatic ossification • Tumors • Myositisossificans

  21. STYLOHYOID LIGAMENT • Aged patient • Eagle syndrome • Pain • Swallowing • Turning • Mouth opening

  22. OSTEOMA CUTIS • In skin • Sec to acne/ scar & chronic inflammatory dermatosis • Ocasionaly  Deffuse scleroderma • Site  Face • Intraoral site  Tongue • Cheek & lip region

  23. MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS Localised / Progressive • Localised • Trauma • heavy muscular strain • Any age • Masseter/ sternocledomastoid/ lat pterygoid • Along the long axis of muscle

  24. Progressive myositis ossificans • Cause  unknown • Children below 6 yrs / males • Striated muscle/ ligament/ facia • Progressive formation of heterotopic bones

  25. MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS

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