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Slides Shown Wednesday Oct. 08 2008

Slides Shown Wednesday Oct. 08 2008. Homework #2 is on Webassign and will be active after noon today. Due date is 10/15 (next Wed.) at 11:59 pm. Rec. Problems for Chapter 3 2, 4, 5, 6, 18, 21, 24, 25, 30, 32, 35, 43, 44, 47, 51, 55, 60, 63, 67, 70, 73, 81, 91, 94, 97.

erin-larson
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Slides Shown Wednesday Oct. 08 2008

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  1. Slides Shown Wednesday Oct. 08 2008

  2. Homework #2 is on Webassign and will be active after noon today. Due date is 10/15 (next Wed.) at 11:59 pm

  3. Rec. Problems for Chapter 32, 4, 5, 6, 18, 21, 24, 25, 30, 32, 35, 43, 44, 47, 51, 55, 60, 63, 67, 70, 73, 81, 91, 94, 97

  4. Does the compound contain Type I or Type II cations

  5. Give the systematic name of each of the following compounds: • FeCl3 d) B2O3 g) Na2O • SrF2 e) SnBr4 h) CsBr • c) MgS f ) Ca3N2 • Solution: • a) iron(III) chloride e) Tin(IV) bromide • b) Strontium fluoride f ) Calcium Nitride • c) Magnesium Sulfide g) Sodium Oxide • d) Boron Oxide h) Cesium bromide

  6. Various chromium compounds dissolved in water Cr(NO3)3 CrCl3 K2Cr2O7 K2CrO4 CrCl2

  7. Rules for Families of Oxoanions Families with Two Oxoanions The ion with more O atoms takes the nonmetal root and the suffix “-ate”. The ion with fewer O atoms takes the nonmetal root and the suffix “-ite”. Families with Four Oxoanions (usually a Halogen) The ion with most O atoms has the prefix “per-”, the nonmetal root and the suffix “-ate”. The ion with one less O atom has just the suffix “-ate”. The ion with two less O atoms has the just the suffix “-ite”. The ion with three less O atoms has the prefix “hypo-” and the suffix “-ite”.

  8. Common Polyatomic Ions Ion Name Ion Name NH4+ ammonium CO32- carbonate NO2- nitrite HCO3- hydrogen carbonate NO3- nitrate (bicarbonate is a SO32- sulfite used common name) SO42- sulfateClO- hypochlorite HSO4- hydrogen sulfate ClO2- chlorite (bisulfate is a widely ClO3- chlorate used common name) ClO4- perchlorate OH- hydroxide C2H3O2- acetate CN- cyanide MnO4- permanganate PO43- phosphate Cr2O72- dichromate HPO42- hydrogen phosphate CrO42- chromate H2PO4- dihydrogen phosphate O22- peroxide

  9. Give the systematic name of each of the following compounds Compounds a. Na3PO4 d. KClO4 g. NaIO3 b. K2SO4 e. KHCO3 h. NaOH c. CuCO3 f. Cs2SO3 Names a. Sodium Phosphate e. Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate b. Potassium Sulfate f. Cesium Sulfite c. Copper (II) Carbonate g. Sodium Iodate d. Potassium Perchlorate h. Sodium Hydroxide

  10. Give the chemical formula of each of the following compounds Names a. Sodium Peroxide e. Lithium Hydrogen Carbonate b. Chromium (VI) Oxide f. Calcium Carbonate c. Aluminum Oxide g. Copper (II) Chloride d. Ammonium Carbonate h. Magnesium Perchlorate Compounds a. Na2O2 e. LiHCO3 b. CrO3 f. CaCO3 c. Al2O3 g. Cu(Cl)2 d. (NH4)2CO3 h. Mg(ClO4)2

  11. Which of the following compound is not properly named? • Fe2(SO4)3 : Iron(III) Sulfate • Ba(OH)2 : Barium Hydroxide • CaCrO4 : Calcium Chromate • Cr(NO2)3 : Chromium(III) Nitrite • KClO3 : Potassium Chloride • RbHCO3 : Rubidium Hydrogen Carbonate

  12. What is the proper Chemical name of the compound: Na2KPO4? • Sodium Potassium Phosphate • Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate • Disodium Potassium Phosphate • Sodium Potassium Carbonate • Phosphorous Disodium Potassium

  13. Hydrates Compounds containing Water molecules MgSO4 7H2O Magnesium Sulfate heptahydrate CaSO4 2H2O Calcium Sulfate dihydrate Ba(OH)2 8H2O Barium Hydroxide octahydrate CuSO4 5H2O Copper II Sulfate pentahydrate Na2CO3 10H2O Sodium Carbonate decahydrate

  14. Flowchart for naming binary compounds

  15. Prefixes Used to Indicate Number in Chemical Names Prefix Number Indicated mono- 1 di- 2 tri- 3 tetra- 4 penta- 5 hexa- 6 hepta- 7 octa- 8 nona- 9 deca- 10

  16. Determining Names and Formulas of Binary Covalent Compounds Problem: What are the name or Chemical formulas of the following Chemical compounds: a)Carbon dioxideb)PCl3c) Give the name and chemical formula of the compound formed from two P atoms and five O atoms. Solution: a) The prefix “di-” means “two.” The formula is CO2 b) P is the symbol for phosphorous; there are three chlorine atoms which require the prefix “tri-.” The name of the compound is: phosphorous trichloride c)P comes first in the name (lower group number). The compound is diphosphorous pentaoxide ( commonly called “phosphorous pentaoxide”)

  17. An Acid: Any substance that increases the [H+] in water (g) Gas (l) Liquid (s) Solid (aq) Aqueous (water) solution HCl(g): hydrogen chloride gas HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid

  18. Naming Acids 1) Binary acids solutions form when certain gaseous compounds dissolve in water. For example, when gaseous hydrogen chloride (HCl) dissolves in water, it forms a solution called hydrochloric acid. Prefix hydro- + anion nonmetal root + suffix -ic + the word acid hydrochloric acid 2) Oxoacid names are similar to those of the oxoanions, except for two suffix changes: Anion “-ate” suffix becomes an “-ic” suffix in the acid. Anion “-ite” suffix becomes an “-ous” suffix in the acid. The oxoanion prefixes “hypo-” and “per-” are retained. Thus, BrO4- is perbromate, and HBrO4 is perbromicacid; IO2- is iodite, and HIO2 is iodous acid.

  19. Naming acids

  20. Names of Acids that do Contain Oxygen Acid Name HF hydrofluoric acid HCl hydrochloric acid HBr hydrobromic acid HI hydroiodic acid HCN hydrocyanic acid H2S hydrosulfuric acid

  21. Names of some Oxygen-Containing Acids Acid Name HNO3 nitric acid HNO2 nitrous acid H2SO4 sulfuric acid H2SO3 sulfurous acid H3PO4 phosphoric acid HC2H3O2 acetic acid

  22. Naming of the Oxoacids of Chlorine Acid Anion Name HClO4 perchlorate perchloric acid HClO3 chlorate chloric acid HClO2 chlorite chlorous acid HClO hypochlorite hypochlorous acid

  23. NAMING OXOANIONS - EXAMPLES Prefixes Root Suffixes Chlorine Bromine Iodine per “ ” ate perchlorate perbromate periodate [ ClO4-] [ BrO4-] [ IO4-] “ ” ate chlorate bromate iodate [ ClO3-] [BrO3-] [ IO3-] “ ” ite chlorite bromite iodite [ ClO2-] [ BrO2-] [ IO2-] hypo “ ” ite hypochlorite hypobromite hypoiodite [ ClO -] [ BrO -] [ IO -] No. of O atoms

  24. Determining Names and Formulas of Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions Ba+2 is the cation Barium, Cl- is the Chloride anion. There are five water molecules therefore the name is: Barium Chloride Pentahydrate a) BaCl2 5 H2O b) Magnesium Perchlorate Magnesium is the Mg+2 cation, and perchlorate is the ClO4- anion, therefore we need two perchlorate anions for each Mg cation therefore the formula is: Mg( ClO4)2 c) (NH4)2SO3 NH4+ is the ammonium ion, and SO3-2 is the sulfite anion, therefore the name is: Ammonium Sulfite d) Calcium Nitrate Calcium is the Ca+2 cation, and nitrate is the NO3- anion, therefore the formula is: Ca(NO3)2

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